Traditional vs. Modern Farming Techniques in Semi-Arid Climates of Rajasthan: A Comparative Study

Dr. Promila

modern techniques, including high-yield variety (HYV) seeds, advanced irrigation systems, and chemical fertilizers,

Agriculture is a vital component of Rajasthans economy, particularly in its semi-arid regions, where farmers face unique challenges due to limited water resources and variable climatic conditions. This study explores the comparative effectiveness of traditional and modern farming techniques in these areas. Traditional farming practices, characterized by crop diversity, rainwater harvesting, and organic soil management, have been utilized for generations, relying on indigenous knowledge and sustainable methods. In contrast, modern techniques, including high-yield variety (HYV) seeds, advanced irrigation systems, and chemical fertilizers, promise increased productivity but may pose risks to environmental sustainability and soil health. This research analyzes key factors such as productivity, economic viability, and adaptability to climate change. Through case studies of farms employing both methods, the findings reveal a complex interplay between traditional wisdom and modern innovation. The study emphasizes the necessity of integrating both approaches to enhance agricultural resilience, sustainability, and food security in Rajasthans semi-arid regions. Ultimately, the research underscores the importance of policy frameworks that support a balanced agricultural strategy, promoting sustainable practices that respect cultural heritage while embracing technological advancements.