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Abstract : Increased safety (Ex e) High Tension (HT) squirrel cage induction motors are being designed for safe operation in the explosive atmospheres. The motor time tE for increased safety motor is prime safety parameter. The higher value of time tE means insulating system of Ex e motor is able to withstand the locked condition for long time so motor will be more safe for long duration during in specified abnormal condition in hazardous area. The research work shows that the time tE of Ex e motor can be increased by two proposed methods; by increasing the mass of rotor bar or by increasing the stator coil pitch. Low speed and a high speed HT Ex e motor were selected to redesign with increasing rotor bar mass and stator coil pitch. The time tE and other parameters of redesigned motors have been compared with standard design of Ex e motor. It is anticipated that this study will be of immense benefit to Ex e HT motor designers.

Abstract : The removal of lead(II) ions from aqueous solutions using seeds of watermelon (SWM) by adsorption technique has been studied. The adsorption % of Pb2+ at pH 6 and 120 min is ~ 97%. Solution pH, initial concentrations of Pb2+ ions and seeds of watermelon, shaking time and temperature were optimized. The Freundlich and Langmuir equations were applied. The thermodynamic parameters viz. the change in Gibbs free energy change (ΔG, - 20.96 kJ mol-1 at 333 K), enthalpy (ΔH, 18.51 Jmol-1) and entropy (ΔS, 63.00 Jmol-1 K-1) were also evaluated. The negative ΔG◦ value indicates that the adsorption is spontaneous thermodynamically. The removal of ~97% of Pb2+ ions was attained using 2 g/L SWM applying the suggested optimum experimental conditions. The procedure was successfully applied to remove Pb2+ from aqueous and different natural water samples.

Abstract :

Soil contamination from industrial effluents and mining activities is a widespread concern all over the world. Generally soil act as the buffer zone between atmosphere and underground water, thus soil contamination creates a serious threat to soil and to the surrounding biosphere. This research program is aimed to make an in-depth investigation about the remediation of contaminated sites from various metal contaminants using specific plants. This study concentrates on the evaluation of phytoremediation potential of Lantana camara for the surroundings of industrial area of Bhopal, which is heavily affected by heavy metal pollution. The aim of our research was to identify some interesting accumulators which may associate an important biomass production with an effective absorption and translocation of heavy metals. The present study is focused on the ability of the native plant to accumulate and tolerate high concentrations of heavy metals on heavy metal supplemented M S medium in tissue culture, which are often associated in polluted areas.

Abstract : Waste treatment is normally by two main methods which are mechanical and natural. Mechanical method of treating wastes comprises of sanitary sewer system, aerated lagoons with mechanical aerator, this poses problem due to non availability of electricity to power the machine constantly and mechanical defect that hinders smooth operation. There is also cost of chemical to treat the sewage. Natural method has proven to be more effective and less expensive. This made the natural method to be adopted as a major method for treating wastes in many countries. This methods involves the use of ponds. These are large shallow basins enclosed by earthen embankment in which raw sewage is treated by entirely natural process involving both algae and bacteria. Wastes are usually treated by supplying them with oxygen so that bacteria can utilize the waste as food.

Abstract : The phenomenon of solubilization of nonionic surfactant Tween-40 has been studied through the influence of additive Chloramine-T in aqueous medium by measuring the ultrasonic velocity of the pure surfactant and with Chloramine-T. The ultrasonic velocity of pure surfactant as well as mixed system was found to be increased with increase in temperature. By keeping the surfactant concentration equal to its CMC, for mixed system the CMC found to be increased with the addition of Chloramine-T. This is mainly due to increased micelle concentrations. The CMC for pure or mixed system found to be decreased with increase in temperature. The influence of additive Chloramine-T on the CMC and acoustical parameters of nonionic surfactnat is a clear indication that the phenomenon of micellization is associated with the different micelles coalescing. The CMC of pure and mixed system decreses with increase in temperature. This decrease in CMC may be due to change in free energy of the system with increase in temperature. Findings of the present work support to the probable evidence of electrolyte surfactant interactions in aqueous medium.

Abstract : Appointment scheduling systems are used by primary and specialty care clinics to manage access to service providers, as well as by hospitals to schedule appointments. Many factors affect the performance of appointment systems including arrival and service time variability, patient and provider preferences etc. Appointment scheduling system lies at the intersection of providing efficiency and timely access to health services. This research presents an Distributed Electronic Patient Record (DEPR) Medical Appointment Booking System. The system was developed using Asp.Net and MySql. Further we discuss about the integration of system with OpenEMR.

Abstract : This paper presents a modified self-tuning fuzzy-neural controller in the applications nonlinear model reference control system. In order to make the controller have the adaptive control capability, the immediate system error (e(k)) and error change ( e(k)) are used to be the inputs for fuzzy-neural tuning mechanism. For simplifying the construction of fuzzy system, nine rules are used in the rule table. To demonstrate the superiority of the controller we developed, several nonlinear model reference control systems are studied and simulated. The simulation results clearly show that the self-tuning fuzzy-neural controller has quite promising potential in the real control applications.

Abstract : Big Data concern large-volume, complex, growing data sets with multiple, autonomous sources. With the fast development of networking, data storage, and the data collection capacity, Big Data are now rapidly expanding in all science and engineering domains, including physical, biological and biomedical sciences. This paper presents a HACE theorem that characterizes the features of the Big Data revolution, and proposes a Big Data processing model, from the data mining perspective. This data-driven model involves demand-driven aggregation of information sources, mining and analysis, user interest modeling, and security and privacy considerations. We analyze the challenging issues in the data-driven model and also in the Big Data revolution.

Abstract : Access to clean water, good sanitation services and improved hygiene practices enhance sound health, boost socio-cultural development, and promote economic balance. This study is focused on investigating and identifying the state of water, sanitation and hygiene practices in an urban setting, and proffer solutions to the probable challenges associated with it. Five Local Government areas (LGAs) of Lagos State were selected for this study. The survey involved the use of structured questionnaires administered to randomly selected residents from the LGAs. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software application and descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. The study reveals that access to water and proper sanitation is insufficient and its services is at high cost to many of the residents who live below the poverty line of less than $2 per day. The supply of water from the water corporation to the local government is not sufficient thereby making many to rely on commercial and private boreholes which often time is expensive. The result also shows that indifferent attitude characterizes poor sanitation which is basically associated with poor maintenance, indiscriminate dumping of refuse in drains and ineffective drainage systems. It is therefore important that sustained cooperation be developed among key actors in order to reduce cost of gaining access to potable water. There should also be continuous sensitization and enlightenment campaigns to the public on the dangers of environmental neglect.

Abstract : The analysis of a rectangular labyrinth seals having several configurations is carried out in this study. The laminar, compressible and axisymmetric flow in a rectangular labyrinth seal is treated and the seal performance is obtained. The analysis is based on the assumptions that adiabatic conditions exist and that the ratio of the seal height to the shaft radius is small as always the case in turbomachines. The theoretical work is capable of handling single cavity in order to compute the pressure ratio, loss in stagnation pressure, change in density, temperature ratio and the variation of inlet to exit Mach number across the cavity. These quantities are obtained at several values of leakage flow Mach number to be used in estimating the required number of cavities to get a minimum allowable leakage rate. For a subsonic leakage flow that is not in choked condition, it is concluded in this work that the performance relations of a single cavity can be used to design a multi-cavity seal to meet an allowable leakage rate.

Abstract : In todays fast generation the Mobile Positioning technology has became a vital role in area of research. The evolution to location dependent services and applications in wireless systems continues to require the development of more accurate and reliable mobile positioning technologies. Mobile Positioning in cellular networks will provide several services such as, locating stolen mobiles, emergency calls, different billing tariffs depending on where the call is originated, and methods to predict the user movement inside a region. The major challenge to accurate location estimation is in creating techniques that yield acceptable performance when the direct path from the transmitter to the receiver is intermittently blocked. This is the Non Line of Sight (NLOS) problem, and it is known to be a major source of error since it systematically causes mobile to appear farther away from the Base station (BS) than it actually is, thereby increasing the positioning error. In this paper, we present a simple method for mobile telephone tracking and positioning with high accuracy. Through this we will discuss some technology used for mobile positioning and tracking.

Abstract : This paper describes the calibration of Isolation Current Transformer by two methods, by conventional method and by two comparator based calibration method. A conventional method has limitations that we get fixed ratios and hence can go up to lower value of 1A. The uncertainties of the calibration system are in the order of 0.005 % for the ratio error and 0.01 crad for the phase displacement of the current transformer at 50 Hz. The power comparator based measurements can be done at test currents from 10 mA to 160A.

Abstract : Flyash is a waste produced from thermal power stations, which contributes to environmental pollution. It is waste materials that can be utilized in construction of roads and embankments. Disposal of a variety of wastes in an eco friendly way is the thrust area of today’s research. Randomly distributed fiber reinforced soils have recently attracted increasing attention in geotechnical engineering. These soils are prevalent as large tracts in many parts of the world. Many highway agencies, private organizations and researchers are doing extensive studies on waste materials and research projects concerning the feasibility and environmental suitability. It is necessary to utilize the waste affectively with technical development in each field. Attempts are made to investigate the stabilization process with laboratory model test tracks over expansive subgrade. Compaction, Shear and CBR tests were carried out in gravel/flyash materials with different reinforcement materials like waste plastics and waste tyre rubber with a view to obtain optimum percentage of reinforcement materials.

Abstract : Conservation of water and checking soil erosion is central to the attainment of economic as well as financial sustainability of dry land and agriculture. Integrated Watershed Development Programme, which is proposed by the Government of India, is a major policy instrument for achieving this goal. The importance of watershed development as a strategy of agricultural and overall rural development in rain-fed areas has been recognized in India for the past several decades, and in the recent years has grown exponentially. Recent check-dams constructed over the micro watersheds like the ones in Bidar, Ahmedabad, Latur, Guna, Tumkur, spanning throughout the length and breadth of the nation, and its successful implementation shows its universal applicability. However, it is to be kept in mind that the implementation of check dam construction in a micro watershed based ecology dates back to the establishment of four dry farming research stations at Rohtak, Sholapur, Hyderabad and Bellary in early 30s, which led to the advancement in the recent technological augmentation.

Abstract : Indoles are very important compounds and found in many alkaloids of physiological importance. They are also found in seeds and plants such as orange and lemon. Para-hydroxybenzaldehyde dehydrogenase is an enzyme found in carrots, it can be found in the orchid. Indole reacts with p-hydroxybenzaldehyde in the presence of concentrated hydrochloric acid to form an orange color complex which has a maximum absorbance at 475 nm. The parameters affecting this reaction were studied in order to find the suitable conditions for the reaction to complete. The effect of acid concentration, reaction temperature and the amount of the reagent on the determination of indole- p-hydroxybenzaldehyde complex were investigated. The system requirements and the best conditions for complete determination are sequently studied. At the optimal conditions, 0.02% w/v p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 3MHCl at30oC, was used for the determination of indole. Calibration graph was over the range from 0.5-5.00 μg ml-1. The detection limit was 0.08 µg ml-1 and the correlation coefficient was 0.999. Linearity was obtained with slope equals 0.119 and the intercept equals zero.

Abstract :

Social media provides a digital platform for people across the world. It creates awareness amongst people to participate and share information online. This is because of globalization and advancement of digital technology. India is experiencing changes in society by social media technology. The growth of social media is changing behaviors, perceptions, and attitudes of people and growth of online social technologies induce audiences to become digital friendly; changing user behavior from passive to active, non-participatory to participation, and enabling users that was otherwise unknown or untapped. Therefore social media effect almost everyone in the universe whether individuals, businesses, and society and also provide an equal opportunity to share thoughts, opinions, and share information. It helps in empowering people in society to spread a point of view on social causes and change, participation in digital activisms, and support and information sharing in crisis situations. Cultural adoption and availability/understanding of technology prove to be an obstacle for many in underdeveloped areas of India. Now a day’s accessing of social networking sites is a Global phenomena. Most of developing countries like; in India people are more frequently using the social sites. Accessing of social sites is not only limited just for fun, there are so many purpose people serve while using these sites. This research paper attempt to identify the various purpose of using social networking sites. This paper also examines the effectiveness of social sites for social development of people. Present study is descriptive in nature. Primary data is used as data collection method which is collected by formulating a close ended questionnaire which consists of 14 statements. 100 respondents have been surveyed which was collected from Bhopal regions. For the testing of hypothesis manual Chi square test used. The study concludes that gender doesn’t have significant effect on the frequency of using social sites. Majority of respondents were agree that usage of social sites is not just limited to chatting with friends but also use for Business networking, Jobs and entertainment purpose. The study also conclude that these sites develop the social stability in people however respondents think that sharing personal information is risky on social networking sites.

Abstract : Different doped samples of conducting polypyrrole (PPy) are prepared electrochemically at different current densities. The electrical transport of conducting polypyrrole is investigated in a wide range of temperature starting from 4.2 K to 300 K. It is observed that, for samples prepared at high current densities, the electrical conduction is dominated mainly by the mechanism based on variable range hopping in a wide temperature range. On the other hand, the magnetoresistance of polypyrrole is investigated in the temperature range from 1.2 K to 4.2 K and magnetic field from H=0 T to H= 10.3 T. It is observed that, PPy sample is characterized by large positive magnetoresistance. This obtained large positive magnetoresistance in the insulating regime is typically expected for VRH conduction.

Abstract :

Product’s merchandising at the store is an important facet as it not only affects the Retailers’ sale but also the customer satisfaction. As it is quite evident that the products displayed by the manufacturers through advertisement or by the stores itself in the display area catches more eyeballs amongst the shoppers and when they find it available at the time of purchases, they make happy purchases and thus this increases the satisfaction which furthermore, results in good sale. Inappropriate display of product causes a negative impact on retailer’s sale, also creates severe dissatisfaction in customer while going for shopping. The study evaluated the role of merchandising in escalating the customer’s footfalls & satisfaction and thereby on Retailer’s sale. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study and for this a self designed questionnaire was used to collect the primary insight from the sample of 200 respondents including retailer and shopper of both the cities. In that on street questionnaire, the retailers and consumers were asked for their opinion about Stores’ merchandising. The collected data were then analyzed through Pearson’s correlation and the Independent t- test to test the hypothesis. For the present study the researchers find that the majority of retail stores understands the importance of merchandising and consider it important for customer’s satisfaction and their margin.

Abstract :

In this paper, we introduce an inclusion measure for interval neutrosophic sets, which is one of information measures of interval neutrosophic theory. For this purpose, we first give a system of axioms for inclusion measure of interval neutrosophic sets. Using the concept of distance measure, we develop a simple inclusion measure for ranking the interval neutrosophic sets. Finally, a multi attribute decision making problem is presented to show effectiveness of proposed inclusion measure, and results obtained are discussed. Though having a simple measure for calculation, the inclusion measure presents a new approach for handling the interval neutrosophic information.

Abstract : Satellite images are being used in many fields of research. Satellite images are being used in many applications like Meteorology, Agriculture, Geology, Forestry, Landscape, Biodiversity, Planning, Instruction, Area and oceanography. The Image Enhancement is the main technique for improving the resolution and visual appearance of the image. One of the major issues in Image Enhancement is Wavelet Transform. The Wavelet Transform is the technique which decomposes an image into a set of basic functions called Wavelets. A new satellite image resolution enhancement technique based on the interpolation of the high-frequency sub-band images obtained by discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and the input image. DWT is applied in order to decompose an input image into dissimilar sub-bands. Then the high frequency sub-bands as well as the input image are interpolated. All these sub-bands are combined to generate a new high resolution image by using inverse DWT (IDWT). The quantitative peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and root mean square error (RMSE) and visual results show the superiority of the proposed technique over the conventional bicubic interpolation, wavelet zero padding and state-of-art image resolution enhancement techniques.

Abstract : Android operating system is one of the most widely used operating system based on the Linux kernel and currently developed by Google. Android is a software bunch comprising not only operating system but also middleware and key applications. Android Operating System is mainly divided into four main layers: the kernel, libraries, application framework and applications. Android is designed primarily for 9 touch screen mobile devices such as smart phones and tablet computers, with specialized user interfaces for televisions (Android TV), cars (Android Auto), and wrist watches (Android Wear). The OS uses touch inputs that loosely correspond to real-world actions, like swiping, tapping, pinching, and reverse pinching to manipulate on-screen objects, and a virtual keyboard. Despite being primarily designed for touchscreen input, it also has been used in game consoles, digital cameras, regular PCs and other electronics. In this paper different features of architecture and versions of Android OS are discussed.

Abstract : As the use of internet technologies are widely increasing, the XML markup language attains a remarkable importance due to its language neutrality and independency in using data exchange and data transfer through web environment mechanism. For improving the processing performance of XML parser, it is necessary to find out a mechanism, in which we get minimum processing time while parsing of XML documents. In this paper, XML documents are being experimentally tested using various operating systems to determine, whether an operating system effect the processing time of XML parsing.

Abstract :

This paper presents results of fire risk assessment for the area of Slovenska Lupca forest management unit, situated in the center of Slovak republic. The fire risk is expressed in terms of one of the risk components - the susceptibility to fire. To assess it, there were performed multicriterial analysis, taking into consideration two basic groups of factors – natural and social. The analysis of fire risk, susceptibility to fire respectively, was automated via its processing in decision making model built in NetWeaver environment. Linking the NetWeaver environment with Ecosystem management decision support system (EMDS), there was obtained the spatial visualisation of assessment results. From the results obtained follows that in case of the Slovenska Lupca forest management unit the majority of the area belongs to the medium high degree of susceptibility to fire (60 %) and almost 40 % of the area belongs even to the high degree of susceptibility to fire.

Abstract : A novel efficient design analysis has been proposed for a reduced-size dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) using perturbed system of partial differential equations. This has been done by using half-volume resonator with short-circuited plane of symmetry. The design serves as a new configuration of planar antenna, thus making integration of active devices easier. The antenna shows remarkable performance, having low cross-polarization levels and reasonably well radiation patterns. The antenna design has been simulated using a new analytical framework created in MATLAB giving accurate measurement details.

Abstract : In the present course of investigation, pure and calcium doped cadmium tartrate crystals were grown in silica gel at room temperature. The optimum conditions were obtained by varying various parameters such as pH of gel, concentration of gel, gel setting time, concentration of reactants etc. Crystals having different morphologies were obtained such as whitish semitransparent, star shaped, needle shaped crystals. Especially, effect of doping of calcium into cadmium tartrate has been studied with respect of size and transparency. It is found that doping enhances the size and transparency of the crystals. As grown crystals was characterized using scanning electronic microscope (SEM), UV, Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX).

Abstract : In this study, mathematical analysis of a simple and new mechanical sensitive-to-shock automotive crash sensor is presented. The system includes a cantilever beam with a current-carrying wire. Due to the high acceleration generated in a crash, the beam breaks and cut the electrical circuit off. With cutting off the electricity, secondary activations can occur, including activation of the air bag system, unlocking doors and disabling the alarm system. The proposed system is lightweight, low-cost and seems to have acceptable accuracy. Analysis is based on the mathematical equations particularly the Laplace transform method. The results showed that if a hard plastic cantilever beam with height of 8 cm and cross-sectional area of 3×0.3 cm2 is selected, the system will work well in accidents with speed greater than 40 km/hr.

Abstract : This paper proposes a statistical method for the analysis of multiple responses or outcome data in case control studies including situations in which the observations are either continuous or frequency data. Test statistics are proposed for assessing the statistical significance of differences between case-control response score. The proposed methods are illustrated with some sample data. When there only three possible response options in which the proposed method and the Stuart- Maxwell test can be equally used to analyse the data, the proposed test statistic is show to be at least as powerful as the Stuart-Maxwell test statistic.

Abstract : The distribution feeder faults need to be detected and isolated in a reliable and accurate manner, for maintaining the efficient and reliable operation of distribution electrical power systems. A number of techniques are available for detecting and classifying the fault. However, the results are not satisfactory in case of high impedance fault (HIF) occurs on distribution feeder due to very low value of fault current. Keeping in view of aforesaid situation, a new approach based on generalized neural network (GNN) and wavelet transform is presented here for HIF detection. Wavelet transform is used to obtained the information from the measured faulty current in terms of standard deviation of wavelet coefficients. The obtained features are then used as an input to the GNN model for the detection of HIF on a given distribution feeder. The values obtained from GNN algorithm are compared with ANN and well established mathematical models and are found more accurate. All the calculations are done in Simulink/MATLAB.

Abstract : The increasing dependence on web applications has made them a natural target for attackers. Among these attacks SQL Injection Attacks (SQLIA) and Cross-Site Scripting attacks are the most prevalent. Our SQL Injection detection method is based on the design of a detection tool for the HTTP request send by clients or users and look for attack signatures. The proposed filter is generic in the sense that it can be used with any web application. Finally we test our proposed security mechanism using the vulnerability scanner developed by us as well as other well-known scanners. Our approach for Cross-Site Scripting detection method describes the possibilities to filter JavaScript in Web applications in server side protection. Server side solution effectively protects against information leakage from the user’s environment. Cross-Site scripting attacks are easy to execute, but difficult to detect and prevent.[1]

Abstract : In this paper, a new model based on Huckel molecular orbital theory is developed and used to calculate the band gap of graphene nanoribbons, which are stripes of etched graphene. Band gaps of graphene nanoribbons with different edge structures and widths are calculated to reveal physical properties. The proposed model well captures the band gap characteristics of graphene nanoribbons without intensive calculations. The understanding of the band gap properties of grapheme nanoribbons allows for various electronic and photonic applications.

Abstract : A wireless sensor network was developed for structural health monitoring to effectively detect, locate, and assess damage produced by severe loading events and by progressive environmental deterioration. Structural response reflects the structural condition as well as the excitation force. Structural health monitoring (SHM) is an active area of research devoted to systems that can autonomously and proactively assess the structural integrity of bridges, buildings, and aerospace vehicles. Recent technological advances promise the eventual ability to cover a large civil structure with low-cost wireless sensors that can continuously monitor a building’s structural health. The idea struck into mind that a SHM system should be implemented so that it can monitor structure (two story building) using different surface mounting sensors, these systems can collect various parameters of the structure. The rapid development of wireless sensor network (WSN) technology provides us a novel approach to real-time data acquisition, transmission and processing.This study introduces different approaches of SHM to monitor and measure the acceleration, strain, humidity and temperature of the building.

Abstract : Blood is a connective tissue in which Red blood cells function to transport oxygen and it is normally in disk shape. The inherited disorder of blood includes hemoglobinopathies which are major public health problem in India. Sickle cell disease refers to a group of genetic disorders characterized by presence of sickle hemoglobin, anemia, acute and chronic tissue injury to blockage of blood flow by abnormally shaped red cell. Sickle cell disease is Sickle cell anemia. It is a disorder in which the body makes sickle-shaped red blood cells. “Sickle-shaped means the red blood cells are crescent shaped. Sickle cell anemia is also a serious disorder problem in chhattisgarh state. It is highly prevalent among scheduled caste, scheduled tribe and other back-word class. In Chhattisgarh the highest percentage of sickle cell diseases found in Sahu, Mahar, Gond, Devangan, Kurmi and Halba etc. This paper proposed a method to recognize the sickle shaped red blood cells present in the blood smear by using fractal dimension. Fractal Dimension is used to recognize the shape of the red blood cells and segmentation the sickle shaped red blood cells for shape analysis to find the percentage of sickle cell anemia. Results exhibit the future aspect of the technique, which overcome traditional shape recognition and analysis methods found in various literatures.

Abstract : WORKPLACE COLLABORATION USING REMOTE DESKTOP refers to a software or Operating System feature that allows a PCs desktop environment (client) to be run remotely by another system (server). It is a set of platform for the project leaders and administrator to monitor the activities performed by their team in real time (live) and sends messages to keep constant interaction with the programmers. We aim to provide multiple features through a single platform. It helps to maintain the attendance record in an organization, provides a feature of monitoring all the live activities performed by the employee in real time and block the users from doing any inappropriate or unofficial task during their work hours and to provide communication between the employee within an organization through video chatting and text chatting features along with the file transfer activity as well .This facilitates the user to concentrate more on the project and less on the managing of these tasks. In particular, showing live actions on the Administrators desktop of a remote employee has great instructional value that must not be overlooked. Similarly, an employee can demonstrate skills and report about the status of the project from time to time that would otherwise need a physical presence in a meeting, rather than a virtual one.

Abstract : Mixed symmetric dual models far nondifferentiable multiobjective fractional programmeing problem are introduced. Weak and strong duality theorems are established far these models under generalized convexity. Several special cases are also obtained.

Abstract : The present paper deals with the MHD boundary layer flow over a linearly moving porous semi infinite vertical plate taking suction and viscous dissipation into account. The fluid considered is viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting. After transferring the governing equations into ordinary differential equations using suitable dimensionless variables, analytical solutions are generated using homotopy analysis method (HAM). The effects of various parameters on dimensionless velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are presented in the form of graphs and tables. HAM results are in good agreement with the results available in the literature.

Abstract : This paper presents the effect of height of vaulted tunnels on the stability parameters such as surface settlement, displacement and yielded elements around tunnels. This effect has been investigated in tunnels with different upper arches. Numerical analysis is done by a 2D finite element program with software Phase2, whereby vaulted tunnels are modeled with different upper arches and with widths of 4, 6, 8 and 10 meters and the heights of 3, 5 and 7 meters. The results of the evaluations show that by decreasing the height of tunnels, the stability parameters have improved for all the radius of tunnel arch. Furthermore, variations of the surface settlement, displacement and yielded elements around tunnels has reduced when width of tunnel become larger from radius of tunnel arch.

Abstract : Green manufacturing is cooperative manufacturing based on various hierarchy resources. It’s important to get the optimum Cooperative enterprise scheme by analyzing, arranging and evaluating the manufacturing capabilities of Industries for Green manufacturing. The paper analyzes correlation between five industries in the context of green manufacturing, with the help of relation matrix which is based on grey relation theory and AHP method. The paper analyses the environmental actions according to Green product design, Green design of raw material, Green process, Green Technology, Green packaging Material and Green Packaging design.

Abstract : Leakage power has become a serious concern in nanometer CMOS technologies and is a very important issue in hardware and software design. The leakage power increases as technology is scaled down. However, with the continuous trend of technology scaling, it is becoming a main contributor to power consumption. In the past, the dynamic power has dominated the total power dissipation of CMOS devices. In advanced integrated circuits, more power is consumed. In the past many methods had been proposed for leakage power reduction like forced stack, sleepy stack, sleepy keeper, dual sleep approach etc. using techniques like transistor sizing, multi-Vth, dual-Vth, stacking transistors etc. In this paper, new methods have been proposed for that. The proposed methods will be compared with the previous existing leakage reduction techniques. This paper includes a new technique called dual stack for reducing leakage and dynamic power and comparison of this technique with old techniques.

Abstract :

In this study, poly(stearyl acrylate) (PSA) and poly(stearyl methacrylate) (PSMA) homopolymers were produced via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method from stearyl acrylate (SA) and stearyl methacrylate (SMA) monomers. Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy techniques were used for structural characterization as thermal energy storage characteristics and thermal stability property were determined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques respectively. The average onset phase transition temperatures of the PSA were measured as 48.1 and 43.5 °C as those of PSMA were measured as 30.8 and 23.5 °C respectively. The averages of latent heats of phase transitions were 100.2 and -81.5 J/g for PSA and 55.8 and -44.8 J/g for PSMA respectively. In addition, PSA and PSMA were found thermally durable up to considerably high temperatures compared to possible ambient temperatures. Molecular weight analysis measurements were performed using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and number average molecular weights of synthesized polymers was found in the range of 58000-439000 g/mol. Based on the results, PSA and PSMA polymers are potential materials for thermal energy storage applications. 

Abstract : The System presented in this paper expedite the testing of candidates aspiring for a driving license in a more efficient and transparent manner, as compared to the present manual testing procedure existing in most parts of Asia and Pacific region. The manual test procedure is also subjected to multiple limitations like time consuming, costly and heavily controlled by the experience of examiner in conducting the test. This technological solution is developed by customizing 8051 controller based embedded system and VB based virtual instrument. The controller module senses the motion of the test vehicle on the test track referred to as zero rpm measurement. The proposed technological solution for the automation of existing manual test process enables the elimination of human intervention and improves the driving test accuracy while going paperless with Driving Skill Evaluation System. As a contribution to the society this technological solution can reduce the number of road accidents because most accidents results from lack of planning, anticipation and control which are highly dependent on driving skill.

Abstract : Energy from the sun is the best option for electricity generation as it is abundantly available everywhere and sustainable source. Advance of Photovoltaic (PV) technology in recent years has made solar energy one of the practical alternative energy sources available in the energy market. In order to make the PV energy more affordable and cost effective, major focus of the research community and industry is improvement on power efficiency of PV systems. Early stage of solar panel manufacturing known as process technology plays a crucial role in achieving above limits. This paper presents a novel process technology for solar panel with 6 junctions.

Abstract : The non-homogeneous Diophantine equation of degree seven with five variables represented by is analyzed for its non-zero distinct integer solutions. A few interesting relation between the solutions and special numbers namely Polygonal numbers, Pyramidal numbers, centered Polygonal numbers are exhibited.

Abstract : In this paper, the vertical directional solidification (VDS) detached crystal growth process in our laboratory in which a gap exists between a growing crystal and the ampoule wall is described. However, this phenomenon is more complex due to the hydrostatic pressure, and the existence of the buoyancy convections. Important characteristics of the detached growths are the self-stabilizing gas pressure difference and self-detachment crystal growth process into VDS on earth. The hydrostatic pressure decreases during the growth, the pressure at the bottom decreases such that the liquid meniscus remains unchanged all along the growth axis. Gap formation mechanism is not totally understood yet, but experimental observations can be seen that the gas passing upwards inside ampoules for grown ingots presence of the thin oxide layer. Detachment in VDS is self controlled and the self-applied pressure difference should be of the order of the hydrostatic pressure. In our references, characterization of high quality InSb and doped InSb substrates suitable for use in the infrared devices, and VDS technologies to deliver larger substrate is explained. Here, the physics behind detached growth and technology to develop the junction devices from these substrates is highlighted.

Abstract : In this paper, we propose that knowledge can be reduced to its elementary (elemental) size consisting of quantized noun objects, their quantized verb functions, and the incremental type the convolutions that bind such noun objects and verb functions. Though knowledge may not be quantized as matter can be quantized in quantum sciences, it is possible to fragment knowledge finely enough to ask three basic elements; who does what, what is being done, and how is what being done. Such a bundle that answers these three questions makes up one knowledge element. These elements of knowledge (kels) exhibit statistical properties and their dynamics are be based on the properties of a large variety of kels, their origin, their environment, the media, and their recipients. Further, we define the elementary particles as a kuantum of knowledge, even though a kuantum is not a quantum in the traditional sense. In maintaining a working relation with other sciences, we explore the flow of these kels. A quantum of knowledge (kel) is like a particle of matter or a pulse of energy. We present this concept to investigate if such kels will explain all the intricacies in the flow of knowledge in societies, cultures and groups. Even though a kel is not as defined precisely as quantum (an electron) in physics, but in the framework of theory presented here, the statistical properties of kels explains a statistical differences in the way in which noun objects communicate i.e., transmit and receive such kuanta and kels. This approach holds the maximum promise but the quantization of a kel to a workable size becomes unique and depends on the direction in which knowledge is being explored and/or constituted. The generic quantum of knowledge or kel still appears as a mystic entity, even though specific kuanta are feasible that the modern computers can tackle, build, process, constitute, reconstitute, reprocess to generate “artificial knowledge”. Such artificial knowledge is then verified, validated and accepted or challenged, disputed and rejected by AI routines and by natural intelligence of human beings to build large and realistic bodies of knowledge (bok’s) or knowledge centric objects (kco’s) of any size, shape or form .

Abstract : In this study, we developed a set of constructs to measure e-commerce capability in Internet savvy customers. Our study has two dimensions customer awareness and customer experience, which consist of factors such as information, transactions customization and supplier connection. This conceptual framework provides good theoretical platform for empirically grounded research on how customers perceive e-commerce trading. E-commerce is the pre-eminent buzzword of the online business revolution. Electronic commerce is the paper less exchange of business information using electronic data interchange (EDI).This study aims to understand how people view e-commerce as an emerging trend in lieu of their satisfaction and preferences with products, services, safety of personal data etc.

Abstract : Load Frequency Control (LFC) is one of the important issues in power system operation. The main objective of LFC is to keep the frequency and tie-line power close to their nominal values in case of disturbances. In this paper, two methods based on parallel adaptive of a scaled fuzzy with conventional technique to control the frequency of a power system is proposed. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) method is used to optimize the scales of fuzzy-PI/PD and gains tuning of PI/PD controllers. Two equal interconnected power system areas are used as a test system. As the results, the simulation has shown the effectiveness of the proposed controller compared with different PID and scaled fuzzy controllers in terms of speed response and damping frequency.

Abstract :

An experimental study was carried out on the models of ‘Y’ plan shape tall building in an open circuit wind tunnel to investigate the wind loads generated on the building in isolated as well as interference condition. The base shear (Fx), overturning moment (My) and torsional moment (Mz) acting on the instrumented model were measured. For the isolated condition, the measurements were made for many wind incidence angles. For studying the interference effects, two similar building models were placed in side-by-side configuration and tandem configuration and the spacing between these models were varied. It is observed that the wind incidence angle greatly affects the wind induced loads on the ‘Y’ plan shaped building. Depending on the position of the interfering building, the interfence effects may either be beneficial or may have an adverse effect.

Abstract : Day to day the size of data increased enormously. Big Data concerns large-volume, complex, growing data sets with multiple, autonomous sources. With the fast development of networking, data storage, and the data collection capacity. Big Data is now rapidly expanding in all science and engineering domains, including physical, biological and bio-medical sciences. Mining knowledge from the large amount of data is a challengeable task. Map Reduce is a programming model and an associated implementation for processing and generating large data sets. Map reduce is one of the technique to achieve parallelism. map function that processes a key/value pair to generate a set of intermediate key/value pairs, and a reduce function that merges all intermediate values associated with the same intermediate key . Programs written in this functional style are automatically parallelized and executed on a large cluster of commodity machines. The run-time system takes care of the details of partitioning the input data, scheduling the program’s execution across a set of machines, handling machine failures, and managing the required inter-machine communication. This allows programmers without any experience with parallel and distributed systems to easily utilize the resources of a large distributed system. In the perspective of clustering, grouping of similar of objects from big data is a challengeable task .In order to deal with the problem; many researchers try to design different parallel clustering algorithms. In this paper, we propose a parallel K-Medoids clustering algorithm to improve scalability without noise and efficiency based on Map Reduce.

Abstract : Power quality is one of the major concerns in the era of power system. Power quality problem occurred due to non- standard voltage, current or frequency, that result in a failure of end user equipment. To overcome this problem, Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) is used, which eliminate voltage sag and swell in the distribution line, it is efficient and effective power electronic device. The size of DVR is small, cost is low and fast dynamic response to the disturbance. By injecting an appropriate voltage, the DVR restores a voltage waveform and ensures constant load voltage. The compensating signals are determined dynamically based on the difference between desired and measured values. The DVR is consisting of VSC, Booster transformer, Filter and Energy storage devices.

Abstract : Current exam-cell activities are mostly done on paper. Automated solutions using this system will make exam department activities more efficient by covering for the most important drawbacks of manual system, namely speed, precision and simplicity. A centralized system will ensure that the activities in the context of an examination can be managed effectively, while also making it more accessible and convenient for both students and staff. The final product would constitute a computerized module aimed at replicating offline exam cell process. The system is a new concept which came into existence because of the large amount of data being on paper and it made analysis of results a tedious task, apart from the unmanageable amount of data that is generated in an institution from various departments. The Automation system is like an intermediary between staff and students, thus easing the activities of each regarding examination. It is a system that will make the exam cell process much organised. It would require certain crucial data to be pre-existing, which definitely suggest a dependency on certain other systems, especially ones concerning data acquisition. Like in this case it is Automated Admission system. The Solution, however, will manage a great deal of menial work. This keeps paperwork to its minimum, leading to ease of accountability, reducing confusions and increase in work rate and efficiency. The project will address firstly, access to various users including students, teacher, exam cell staff and admin. Then customization based on requirement of College. And finally automated result analysis and ancillary services.

Abstract : The current rapid development of informational and communication technologies, and wide-format digital telecommunication means and Internet systems, their wide application in every sphere of society is achieved through widespread networks of WWW and located on a regular basis of current Web project. The main purpose of learning the Web technologies is to give the students scientific and theoretical knowledge on information processing in the managerial information databases using Web technology and integration with the database management system (DBMS). The main task of learning is to form in students knowledge, skills and experience with database management systems data, to study modern methods of creating Web projects and also their design and creation. This requires the creation of adaptive Web systems, and the development of teaching methods corresponding to the intellectual abilities of the student. In the present article it is talked about the features of adaptive educational web-based system in preparing the web programmers.

Abstract :

The integration of communication technology in state-of the art vehicles has begun years ago: Car phones and Internet access based on cellular technologies as well as Bluetooth adapters for the integration of mobile devices are popular examples. This paper presents an insight into the VANETs (Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks) technology. This technology integrates WLAN/cellular and Ad Hoc networks to achieve the continuous connectivity. Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET), a subclass of mobile Ad Hoc networks (MANETs), is a promising approach for future intelligent transportation system (ITS). These networks have no fixed infrastructure and instead rely on the vehicles themselves to provide network functionality. However, due to mobility constraints, driver behavior, and high mobility, VANETs exhibit characteristics that are dramatically different from many generic MANETs. This paper provides a comprehensive study of challenges in these networks.

Abstract :

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are specialized hybrid electric vehicles that have the potential to obtain enough energy  for average daily  commuting  from batteries. These batteries would be charged from the power grid and would thus allow  for a reduction in the overall petroleum consumption. To implement the plug-in function, a single phase bidirectional ac-dc converter interfacing with the grid is essential. The implementation of a bidirectional ac-dc  converter  can allow  for  battery  recharge  from the grid, battery energy injection to the ac grid, and battery energy for ac power stabilization. In this paper, the basic requirements and specifications for PHEV bidirectional ac- dc converter designs are presented. Generally, there are two types   of   topologies   used   for   PHEVs:   an   independent topology and a combination topology that utilizes the drive motor’s   inverter.   Evaluations   of   the   two   converter topologies are analyzed in detail. The combination topology analysis is emphasized because it has more advantages in PHEVs, in respect to savings in cost, volume and weight.

Abstract :

The equilibrium isotherm study verified that the linear Freundlich model best explained the adsorption data and mechanism. The maximum adsorption capacities, 9.709, 13.889, and 18.868g/g for RS, RCS and ACS respective obtained from the Langmuir isotherm model at 25^oC. Verifiable with increased filtration rates, acid activation and calcination improved the clay porosity and the total surface area; RS-22.04, RCS-30.36 m²g^-1 and ACS-40.92m²g^-1. Sample PZCs were less than solution pH indicating cation affinity and enhanced dye adsorption. Dye uptake varied with temperature and adsorption equilibrates around 80min. Langmuir model (ΔG˚<-5KJ/mol) and thermodynamics (ΔG˚>-18kJ/mol and ΔH) revealed a spontaneous and exothermic physisorption of MB dye onto the raw and modified samples. ΔS^* suggested an associative adsorption mechanism and ΔS^o proposed an induced randomness and changes at the solute/solvent interface.

Abstract :

Abstract :

Fisheries sector contributes significantly to the national economy while providing livelihood to approximately 14.49 million people in the country (Government of India, Ministry of Agriculture Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries). It has been recognized for powerful income and employment generator as it stimulates growth of a number of subsidiary industries and is a source of cheap and nutritious food besides being a source of foreign exchange earner. In general growth in export is very much important to improve countries foreign exchange reserve, in simple word countries economic development.  So it is important to understand overview of Fish Export and current scenario of economical and commercial scope of ornamental Fishes in terms of export.      

Abstract :

This paper deals with the performance analysis of static compensator (STATCOM) based voltage regulator for self- excited induction generators (SEIGs) feeding non-linear single phase loads. The presence of non-linear loads in some applications injects harmonics into the generating system. Because an SEIG is a weak isolated system, these harmonics have a great effect on its performance. Additionally, SEIG’s offer poor voltage regulation and require an adjustable reactive power source to maintain a constant terminal voltage under a varying load. A three-phase insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) based current controlled voltage source inverter (CC-VSI) known as STATCOM is used for harmonic elimination. It also provides the required reactive power an SEIG needs to maintain a constant terminal voltage under varying loads. A dynamic model of an SEIG-STATCOM system with the ability to compensate the unbalanced current caused by single-phase loads that are connected across the two terminals of the three-phase SEIG  under  varying loads  has been analyzed by using D-Q frame theory algorithm. This enables us to predict the behavior of the system under transient conditions. The simulated results shows that by using a STATCOM based voltage regulator the SEIG can balance the current; in addition to that the STATCOM is able to regulate the terminal voltage of the generator and suppresses the harmonic currents injected by non- linear loads.

Abstract :

Knowledge  elements  are  as  universal  as life itself.  The varieties of such knowledge elements are as profuse as the diversity of life forms.  In fact, there is no life without embedded knowledge to continue and supply the essentials of living.  Conversely, there is no knowledge without life forms to support it continuum of change and adaptation.  Symbiotic as they are the interdependency has prevails since the beginnings of life.  The evolution of species is founded on the increasing complexity of kels that perpetuate knowledge to constitute new knowledge. The knowledge enhanced to gratify the needs for the incremental change in the species is time dependent statistical occurrence.   The change may be microscopic or cataclysmic.  Change and adaptation are both essential.  All forms of life abide by the law that knowledge and life are in deepest harmony just to keep living. After Darwin, we have realized that time to evolve flows through the process of neural adaptation to learn to be the fittest to survive.   Knowledge to live by and life to enhance the genetic code are the two chromosomes in the womb of humankind. In the more evolved species, the complexity of kels and their structure both reach astounding levels perhaps reaching their peaks in human beings.  In the other species, the complexity is tailored to suit their own form of life and its needs with three (physiological, safety and reproductive) lower level needs.   By process of trial and error, they learn to be optimal in the expenditure of time and energy to learn the adaptation.  In humans with higher levels of needs [1] and a higher level of comprehension, the dynamic movement of kels becomes scientific and almost mathematical process.  In this paper, we propose a mechanism for the pathways of knowledge in the society and for the graphs for solving complex problems.

Abstract :

The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate RHA and MK as supplementary cementitious materials (in both binary and ternary systems) in terms of harden properties in blended cement SCC and to identify the optimal level of replacement of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with RHA, MK, or RHA+MK. The blended cements were prepared by replacing OPC with RHA, MK, or RHA+MK (5–40%) in dry conditions. In addition to that the interrelationship between harden properties such as compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity was discussed.

Abstract :

Many Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications carry out a large number of complex arithmetic operations. Multiplier takes a important role in the performance of the system, thus by optimizing the multiplier the power and area can be reduced. This paper focus on optimizing the power using redundant binary partial product. This implements a new technique called RB encoding, in which the sum of two numbers and there product is multiplied with the multiplier in Modified Booth (MB) form. The RB encoding is used in multipliers with operand, without increasing the delay of partial product accumulation. It is used for both signed and unsigned Radix-4, which is a parallel multiplier. its An efficient multiplier which reduces partial product by N/2, where N is the number of multiplicand. The proposed FAM unit with RB encoding is coded in Verilog, simulated and synthesized using Xilinx ISE tool. The performance of FAM unit with RB encoding is compared with other existing technique in terms of power consumption and critical path. The proposed FAM unit with RB encoding yields considerable reduction in terms of critical delay and power consumption.

Abstract :

This paper studies three-machine scheduling problems in the situation when one has got the assignment but does not have one's own machines and has to take machines on rent to complete the assignment. Minimization of total rental cost of machines may be the criterion in this type of situation. Here, we have considered a rental policy in which second and third machines will not be taken on rent at times when the first job is completed on first and second machines respectively but these machines will be taken on rent subject to some criterion. The objective is: for a given sequence obtain the latest times at which the machines should be taken on rent so that total rental cost is minimum without altering the total elapsed time. We have obtained a simple and efficient algorithm, without using Branch-and-Bound technique. Numerical example is given to illustrate the algorithm.

Abstract :

Many engineering components are often subjected to cyclic load excursions beyond elastic limit and hence cyclic plastic deformation in such components becomes inevitable.  Since the resultant elastic-plastic stress-strain response of the material plays a pivotal role in analysis, design and failure of the component, it becomes important to understand the cyclic plastic deformation behaviour.  Strain-controlled fatigue is an important consideration in the design of components that undergo either mechanically or thermally induced cyclic plastic strains which may cause failure in low number of cycles (approximately <105).  This paper presents the details of strain-controlled low cycle fatigue tests carried out on SA 312 Type 304LN stainless steel material.  ASTM E 606 - 12 was followed in preparing the test specimens and carrying out the fatigue tests.  The tests were carried out under constant amplitude cyclic triangular waveform loading.  The specimens were tested at six different strain amplitudes of ±1.10%, ±1.25%, ±1.40%, ±1.55%, ±1.70% and ±1.85%.  Cyclic stress-strain hysteresis curves were obtained throughout the entire duration of the fatigue tests.  The number of cycles to failure of the specimens was recorded.  Using the empirical relationships, fatigue parameters, namely cyclic strength coefficient, cyclic strain hardening exponent, fatigue strength coefficient, fatigue strength exponent, fatigue ductility coefficient and fatigue ductility exponent were evaluated; the values of the same were found to be 414.66 MPa, 0.2048, 777.54 MPa, -0.1010, 0.1955 and -0.4780 respectively.  These fatigue parameters will be useful in determining the number of fatigue loading cycles for fatigue-ratcheting crack initiation in components made of this material.

Abstract :

This work proposes to design and fabricate a supersonic wind tunnel that can be operated using the compressor and pressure vessel having a capacity of 1000 litres and a maximum storage pressure of 12bar. Test section size and the operating Mach number of the wind tunnel is designed so that the tunnel can operate for 30 sec using the air stored in this pressure vessel. The design is based on the assumptions of 2D in viscid flow and normal shock pressure recovery in the diffuser. The tunnel designed according to these criteria has a design Mach number of 2.5 and an 80mm × 20 mm rectangular test section. Calibration of this facility was also carried out by measuring the static pressure in the test section, which shows a test section Mach number of 2.14.

Abstract :

This work is focused to carry out investigation of  WDM Free Space Optical transmission when even and odd channels are orthogonally polarized. In this work 8 independent channels each having capacity of 1.56Gbps are transmitted over free space optical link of 15 kilometer at different beam divergence angles. Systems with and without polarization interleaving are compared here in this paper. Then after WDM-FSO polarization interleaving systems with 16 channels are realized. The bit rate of each channel is increased to 8Gbps and it has been found that WDM-FSO system with polarization interleaving having 16 channels and 128Gbps bitrates of whole system is optimized to work properly up to 25 kilometer range after its comparison with WDM-FSO polarization interleaving system having 8 channels and capacity 12.48 Gbps of whole system. Performance is measured in the terms of Quality Factor and Eye Diagrams.

Abstract :

In gearboxes, load fluctuations on the gearbox and gear defects are two major sources of vibration. Further, at times, measurement of vibration in the gearbox is not easy because of the inaccessibility in mounting the vibration transducers. For detecting different type of gear tooth faults a experimental data is taken from single stage gearbox set up with help of FFT analyser. Vibration analysis techniques are used for detection of fault in gear system, fluctuation in gear load such as a method for detecting the evolution of gear faults based on time- frequency analysis through Matlab. The various types of defects are created on gear tooth such as one corner defect, two corner defect, three corner defect, and Missing tooth. By comparing Signals of defective condition with healthy (ok) condition through FFT analyser in which analysis is carried out with the decomposed current signal to trace the sidebands of the high frequencies of vibration. The validation is done successful by taking input signal from FFT analyser to Matlab program for calculating effective statistical parameters in defective condition for time & frequency domain analysis. The actual position in angle of rotation for one tooth missing in gearbox is also investigated by using Matlab program. It is also helpful tool for health monitoring of gears in different conditions.

Abstract :

With increasing energy and labour costs, and downward pressure on commodity prices, many mines are forced to extract higher grades to remain profitable. Additionally, pressure is increasing on mine operators to reduce their environmental footprint or face public censure, hence traditional approaches such as increasing the mining rate are not attractive. In this environment, operators must innovate to prevent smaller, or less profitable, mines from closing. Data from over eight years of research at the University of British Columbia, and ore recent data from customer studies at MineSense Technologies suggests that previously unrecognized quantities of barren or low grade waste is the norm, rather than the exception in mill feed material globally, therefore an approach that shows remarkable potential to address both of these issues is the pre-concentration of ore by sorting ahead of the mill. Through sensing of the physical, chemical or electromagnetic magnetic properties of ore on a by-particle basis, significant variations in grade can be measured; by exploiting this sensed data identification and rejection of up to 60% waste by mass prior to the expensive process of grinding is possible. Mill feed grade is increased, reducing transport and processing costs, potentially improving plant recoveries, and reducing the amount of waste being sent to the tailings pond. This paper presents the results of recent work undertaken to evaluate the potential of optical, x-ray, electromagnetic and density-based pre-concentration methods on ore from the Kuemseong molybdenum mine in South Korea. The work indicated technical and economic feasibility of pre-concentrating the Kuemseong ore. Using the preferred method of optical separation, overall extraction and recovery was vastly improved, with lower operating costs projected at the mine. The result confirms general potential for this strategy to enhance profitability while simultaneously improving environmental performance for small mine assets.

Abstract :

In this paper, we have presented n-ary relation based open domain question answering system for Extraction Information from an oversized assortment of document against arbitrary questions. We proposed two algorithms to extract entity and relationship from string and to extract answer for queried question. Our proposed algorithm works on both online and offline mode with greater accuracy.

Abstract :

Information privacy can be successfully protected through encryption. The high convenience of PDAs and tablets is held onto by shoppers and also the corporate and open segment. Then again, particularly in the non-shopper range the element security assumes a conclusive part for the stage determination process. The majority of the present organizations inside of the cell phone area included an extensive variety of security components to the at first customer situated gadgets or have managed security as a center element from the earliest starting point (RIM, now BlackBerry). One of the key security highlights for ensuring information on the gadget or in gadget reinforcements are encryption frameworks, which are accessible in the greater part of current gadgets. For this reason for existing, Android's distinctive encryption frameworks are surveyed and their vulnerability to diverse assaults is examined in point of interest. Taking into account these outcomes a work process is exhibited, which bolsters organization of the Android stage and use of its encryption frameworks inside of security basic application situations. At long last, we demonstrate that our methodology is anything but difficult to introduce and arrange over all Android stages including cell telephones, tablets, and little journals as soon as possible for the greater part of the customary Android applications.

Abstract :

Abstract— During osmotic dehydration of food materials, water and/or other substances are removed from the material with molecular infiltration; shrinkage follows depending on the extent of net mass loss. Molecular diffusion is one of the generally accepted and necessary tools for finding simple predictive models that describe mass transfer across plant membranes. The mass transfer resistances across a semi-permeable medium were investigated with Fickian molecular diffusion model and a combined molecular and convective model. The effects of intercellular and trans-membrane resistances studied with two-parameter kinetic models described the behaviours of solute impregnation and dewatering processes of osmotic dehydration.  Predicted depth of solute impregnation in an imaginary food matrix was 4.0 mm with satisfactory deduction that combined molecular and convective model is a better description of the transport models. The solutions of the models also revealed that concentration gradient across the membranes depends linearly on process variables and the influences of membranous resistance were not negligible.

Abstract :

Abstract— A Wireless Sensor Network can be defined as a group of sensors which are distributed spatially to monitor physical or spatial conditions such as temperature, volcano, fire monitoring, sound, urban sensing, pressure etc. In a large WSN, the data aggregation significantly reduces communication overhead and energy consumption. In order to pass data, although data in-network aggregation was used and it reduced the problem of communication overhead and transmission loss but failed in computing double-counting sensitive aggregates at the Base Station. The research community proposed synopsis diffusion to eliminate this problem but it did not helped in securing the network against the problem of attacks caused by the compromised nodes, resulting in the false  computation of aggregate. In this paper, synopsis diffusion is being made secure against the attacks by compromised nodes. To do so, an algorithm is being presented which can securely compute aggregates in the presence of such attacks. This algorithm is named as Attack-Resilient algorithm. The attack-resilient algorithm computes the true aggregate by filtering out the contributions of compromised nodes in the aggregation hierarchy.Extensive studies and performance analysis have shown that the proposed algorithm i.e. Attack-Resilient algorithm is more effective and outperforms other existing approaches.

Abstract :

Abstract— Now a days, large scale distributed systems such as cloud computing applications are becoming increasingly popular. But the challenges with these applications like transferring, storing and computation of data have to be dealt with. The most prevalent distributed file systems to deal with these challenges are the Hadoop File System (HDFS) which is a variant of the Google File System (GFS). However HDFS has two potential problems. The first one is that it depends on a single name node to manage almost all operations of every data block in the file system. As a result it can be a bottleneck resource and a single point of failure. The second potential problem with HDFS is that it depends on TCP to transfer data. As has been cited in many studies TCP takes many rounds before it can send at the full capacity of the links in the cloud. This results in low link utilization and longer download times. Our work develops a mechanism of Triple security which uses a light weight front end server to connect all requests with many name nodes. Our work proposes a new distributed file system which will overcome these problems of HDFS. 

Abstract :

Abstract— The objective of the present work is to obtain the reduced torque ripples, harmonics distortion. Duty Ratio Control has been developed to improve the torque performance and to obtain the voltage space vector required to compensate the flux and torque errors. In conventional Direct Torque Control (DTC), the selection of flux linkage and electromagnetic torque errors are made within the respective flux and torque hysteresis bands, in order to obtain fast torque response, low inverter switching frequency and low harmonic losses. However, DTC drives utilizing hysteresis comparators suffer from high torque ripple and variable switching frequency. As in duty ratio control technique, instead of applying a voltage vector for the entire switching period, it is applied for a portion of the switching period and the zero switching state is applied for the rest of the period the ripples is considerably reduced. In this paper the simulation of different DTC schemes (Conventional DTC and Duty Ratio Control DTC) has been carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK and the results are compared.

Abstract :

A video surveillance system can be defined as a technological tool that assists humans by providing an extended perception and capability of capturing interesting activities in the monitored scene. This paper describes a methodology for automated recognition of one to one human interactions such as handshake, kicking and hugging. The frame work consists of background subtraction followed by feature extraction (Speed Up Robust Features) and action classification using SVM classifier. It is computationally efficient and invariant to occlusion, lightning. The method produces good categorization accuracy and precision. Human behaviour recognition has various applications such as human-computer interfaces; content based video retrieval, Visual monitoring & surveillance.

Abstract :

In the present days security is the major goal in all applications. For securing data in cloud computing there are lot of techniques available. Various disadvantages in cloud are like security, data protection, network security, privacy concerns and are also prone to a variety of attacks like Denial of Service, IP spoofing etc. To overcome these attacks, we can use authentication, authorization, access control and encryption techniques. A user can access cloud services as a utility service and begin to use them almost instantly. The fact that services are accessible any where any time lead to several risks. Some of the concerns are lack of confidentiality, integrity and authentication among the users of cloud and service providers. Main goal of my proposal is to provide security in cloud and protecting the data transmitted through various secure channels by providing security using encryption. The cryptographic algorithms like DES, AES, GOST 28147-89, CAST, RC6, SERPENT, and TWOFISH can be adopted for the optimization of data security in cloud computing.

Abstract :

An Earth air heat exchanger(EAHE) uses  the earth as the thermal source and sink for economical, energy efficient, space heating and cooling. The temperature of earth at a certain depth about 4m the  temperature  of  ground  remains nearly constant throughout the year.This  constant temperature is called the undisturbed temperature of earth  which  remains  higher than the outside temperature  in  winter  and  lower  than  the  outside temperature in summer.When air is passing throught buried pipes it will become hot in winter and cold in summer as compared to outside temperature.EAHE generally uses for passive heating or cooling.This paper presents effect of temperature drop or rise due to fins in horizontal arrangement. In this paper comparsion of COP v/s Reynolds number,temp difference v/s Reynolds number and Nusselt number v/s  Reynolds number will be done.

Abstract :

A natural-image-based VSS scheme (NVSS scheme) that shares secret images. A natural-image-based secret image sharing scheme (NSISS) that can share a color secret image over n - 1 arbitrary natural images and one noise-like share image. Instead of altering the contents of the natural images, the encryption process extracts feature images from each natural image. In order to protect the secret image from transmission phase. (n, n) - NVSS scheme shared secret image over n-1 natural share. The natural shares will be digital image and printed image. By extracting the features of natural shares we can prepare noise-like share. After that encryption carried out with noise-like share and secret image. Propose possible ways to hide the noise like share to reduce the transmission risk problem for the share. In this paper Initially Feature Extraction process has been performed for Natural Shares. Here Digital image and Printed image have been used as Natural Shares. With that extracted features secret image will be encrypted by (n, n) - NVSS scheme where process carried by (n-1) natural shares. This Encrypted result will be hided using Share-Hiding Algorithm where generated the QR code. In the Recovering of the secret image will be done by Share Extraction Algorithm and also decryption algorithm. Finally the secret image with all pixels has been obtained. This proposed possible ways to hide the noise like share to reduce the transmission risk problem for the share.

Abstract :

Digital image processing remains a challenging domain  of programming.  All  digital  images  contain  some  degree  of noise.  Often  times  this  noise  is  introduced  by  the  camera when a picture is taken. Image denoising algorithms attempt to remove this noise from the image. In this paper the method for image denoising based on the nonlocal means (NL-means) algorithm has been implemented and results have been developed   using   matlab   coding.   The   algorithm,   called nonlocal means (NLM), uses concept of Self-Similarity. Also images taken from the digital media like digital camera and the image taken from the internet have been compared. The image that is taken from the internet has got aligned pixel than the image taken from digital media. Experimental results are given to demonstrate the superior denoising performance of the     NL-means denoising technique over various image denoising benchmarks.

Abstract :

In this paper we study under which conditions equality of some pairs of dicardinal functions such as weight-coweight and densification-codensification, holds. We obtain some useful results on “bounds of S", the set P of all p-sets and the set Q of all q-sets by choosing the class of all ditopological texture spaces or the subclass satisfying axiom T₀.

Abstract :

Solar Parabolic Trough Collectors (PTCs) are currently used for the production of electricity and applications with relatively higher temperature. In this work, temperature distribution of absorber tube for fluid flow in a parabolic trough collector is studied. Three dimensional temperature distribution of the absorber tube due to uniform heat flux is analyzed by numerically. This heat flux is determined based on 21^st December of Mandalay which has the tropical climate in Upper Myanmar. Soltrace software is used to check the theoretical results of heat flux. Three types of fluid are used as heat transfer fluid and simulations are carried out k-ε model using Computational Fluid Dynamics CFD, COMSOL Multiphysics® 4.3b, for constant flow rate of fluid. It is observed that fluid is higher in temperature at the exit end of absorber tube with fluid flow rate of 0.5 m/s and solar flux condition of 938 W/m².

Abstract :

The aviation industry is governed by very well defined maintenance philosophies. Concurrently, strictly complaint technical procedures/ practices are hallmark of this industry. Therefore, very high quality and costly lubricants are required to support aircraft operations. Oil is used primarily as lubricants, power transmitters and coolants in aircrafts. Further, due to flight safety considerations, the change-over period for oils are very well defined and strictly complied. Reclamation/ recycling of used oil are an accepted fact worldwide in automobile industry. The reverse supply chain starts at the repair depots/ workshops and ensure safe collection/ transportation of used oil back to a central warehouse/ reclamation plant where it is re-processed. In the aviation sector, there is a value proposition which can generate ancillary revenue, by reclaiming the used/ waste oil. It is estimated that the Scheduled Domestic carriers consumed (or re-charged) over one lakh liters of lubricant (hydraulic and engine) oil for 9.35 lakh hrs of cumulative flying done in year 2013. The consumption pattern of engine oil/ hydraulic oil can be estimated on flying hours basis. These figures can be used to project the recoverable quantities of oil at 75% efficiency using existing technologies. This paper discusses this unique possibility by conceptualizing a reverse supply chain model for collection/ transportation of used aviation oil. Various technical procedures, relevant literature and various case studies on handling waste oil were reviewed to develop the basic framework for the Reverse Supply Chain model.

Abstract :

The photonic crystal fibres (PCF) are more better than conventional optical fiber. In this paper we proposed a new design of photonic crystal fiber using borosilicate material. Triangular lattice is used with linear and elliptical waveguide in cladding. The PCF are very useful for optical transmission. For better transmission, ultra flattened dispersion or near to zero dispersion is desirable. Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method and transparent boundary condition (TBC) is used to evaluate the dispersion property in a high-index core PCF. Through reproduction and optimizing the PCF, we find that the projected photonic crystal fibres give flattened dispersion in wavelength range of 0.5μm to 2.0 μm. This method produced best result at third attenuation coordinate (1.55μm) over 1.4 μm to 1.8 μm wavelength range and found the dispersion and ultra flattened that has better performance than conventional photonic crystal. PCF can be used as a dispersion compensating fiber in optical window with high potential.

Abstract :

For secure data transmission cryptographic algorithms are used for many applications. This paper introduces optimized hardware implementation of area and speed improvement for the block cipher Advanced Encryption Standard (AES-128) using Field Programmable Graphic Array (FPGA). As AES has four transformations among them sub-byte and mix-column transformation are key challenges to implement in terms of area and speed. In this research proposes new method of mix-column transformation which uses logical shift and Xor operation. This hardware implementation achieves  the maximum clock frequency of 188.893 MHz is, in feedback encryption modes and uses less number of slices 427.

Abstract :

The development of any country directly relates on capital energy consumption. The demand for power generation on the large scale is increasing day by day. Owing to their major contribution towards power production, thermal power plants have a vital role to play in the development of nation. Due to the scarcity of power, every power plant needs to be operated at maximum level of efficiency. In case of thermal power plants this applies equally to all its auxiliaries. The feed water heaters form a part of the regenerative system to increase the overall thermal efficiency of the plant. In the operation and maintenance of a power plant the feed water heaters are virtually neglected compared with other components. To realize the effect of feed water heating and an attempt is made in this project work to find the improvement in cycle efficiency due to FWH. 

Abstract :

Painting the wall is normally done manually, which is very difficult and troublesome for humans to work in an upright position and also very dangerous for eyes and skin. Due to fatigue and surrounding environment, painting might not even all over the wall. To overcome these difficulties, an intelligent pneumatic wall painting machine has been designed and fabricated using vision and neural system. The machine has the arm which can extend up to 25 feet by carrying the pneumatic spray gun. The camera in the arm captures the image of the wall and the obtained image has been processed and gives as the input to the trained artificial neural network. The output from the network is used to control the pneumatic pressure supplied to the air gun. A part from the automatic control, manual control switches are also used for the operation. Thus the developed intelligent machine is a low cost machine with automatic and manual control for perfectly painting the wall with reduced human fatigue, time and paint, even with an un uniformly painted wall.

Abstract :

While Textile Effluent is discarding in to the nearby water bodies becomes a significant threat to Environment mostly to the aquatic life. The objectionable properties like turbidity, strong color, strong odor, toxicity and alkalinity etc. Coagulation and flocculation is simple and rapid technique. This is most often used pretreatment technique to treat the effluent. Aluminum sulfate (alum), ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride and ferric chloro-sulfate were commonly used as coagulants. However, a possible link of Alzheimer’s disease with conventional aluminum based coagulants has become an issue in wastewater treatment. Hence, special attention has shift towards using biodegradable polymer, chitosan in treatment, which are more environmental friendly. Moreover, chitosan is natural organic polyelectrolyte of high molecular weight and high charge density which obtained from deacetylation of chitin. The experiment was carried out on textile industry wastewater by varying the operating parameters, which are chitosan dosage, pH and mixing time in order to study their effect in flocculation process by using chitosan. 

Abstract :

Grid computing is a in grid environments. The optimal use of task scheduling increases the efficiency, throughput, and decrease the average turnaround time. This paper surveys, the evolutionary part of distributed computing which distributes the tasks to a network of computers linked together to offer preeminent computational resource. Task  Scheduling is more important in the acquisition of high consumption of resources in the arena of grid computing and attaining consumption of resources task scheduling algorithm in grid computing that will benefit for the researchers to carry out the future work in that area and develop a better algorithm.

Abstract :

In this paper, a novel strategic approach is proposed to locate distributed generation (DG) in the primary distribution network under (N-1) line outage security criterion. The static voltage stability margin (VSM) using continuation power flow (CPF) is determined for each line outage condition and based on corresponding reduced VSM is considered as a criterion for line outage ranking. The critical bus is selected for DG location under worst line contingency condition. Using repeated power flow (RPF) approach, the DG value is increased up to network becomes normal state. At this stage, the TVAC-PSO algorithm is implemented to optimize system voltage profile and so loss minimization. The proposed approach is tested on standard IEEE test systems and is found to be very effective in identifying the suitable location and size of DG for voltage stability margin enhancement. 

Abstract :

Green inhibitors are widely used due to their comparative advantage over other means of corrosion control and prevention. The inhibition efficiency of Pergularia daemia extract on the corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution was measured by mass loss and thermometric method in the presence and in absence of inhibitor. It is concluded that the inhibition efficiency increased with the increase in inhibitor concentration. The investigation showed optimal inhibition efficiency up to 94.16% and can safely be used without pollution and any toxic effect. 

Abstract :

It was described the results of studies of the effect of the nano aqua citrates of germanium, selenium and zinc on the embryogenesis, postembryonic development, female fertility and vitality in the period of maturity and the reproduction of Masrolophus nubilis H.-S. It was experimentally proved the possibility of a full-value reproduction of local zoological cultures of such predatory as Macrolophus nubilis HS on artificial diet (with the addition of the above mentioned nano aqua citrates).

Abstract :

Most previous investigations of microbial interactions with truffle have been conducted within the soil environment and have not considered effects on post-harvested truffles. After harvest, truffles spoil easily and quickly within 4 days.  This study evaluated the efficacy of bacteria isolated from fresh Tuber aestivum fruits ascocarps as biocontrol agents against the bacteria and fungi responsible for spoiling truffle fruit. Effects of acetic acid (12 %-v/v) and citric acid (10%-w/v) as inhibitors of isolated spoilage bacteria were also tested. An antagonism test between microbes extracted from unspoiled truffle microorganisms was performed against microbes responsible for spoilage of truffle fruits. Spoilage bacteria were identified. Truffle fruits immersed in a supernatant from antagonistic bacteria culture medium contributed to non-spoilage and resulting in storage of fruit at room temperature for more than two weeks without spoilage development. In addition, acetic acid (12 %-v/v) inhibited all tested spoilage bacteria. However citric acid (10%-w/v) had no inhibitory effect on spoilage bacteria. The results showed a high rate of antifungal activity among the bacterial isolates, indicating that truffle may be a common source for selection of microorganisms with important biotechnological potential, and may be useful for further biocontrol of food, plant, and soil-borne pathogenic bacteria and fungi.

Abstract :

One challenge in node-link diagrams is how to efficiently provide a node placement or layout that will yield a meaningful graph visualization. For simple structures, the system needs only a set of aesthetic choices to provide a useful graph—sometimes even a hand-drawn visualization could suffice. But for large, complex structures, effective layouts are harder to create, which motivates continual interest in graph layout algorithms as an integral part of visualizing complex networks. Although most traditional work involves developing more efficient layout methods for static graphs, more recent efforts have also focused on finding effective ways to generate dynamic graphs of time-varying networks. This paper discusses the various aesthetic criteria's which improve the readability of graphs and helps in how to choose proper layout algorithm for specific data to make the visualization better. This paper also discusses the different graph layout approaches which are used as the basis for developing many other new and improved graph layout algorithms helping in better visualization of graphs. Some easy-to-program network layout approaches are discussed here, with details given for implementing each one. This paper is mainly focused on the basic graph layout approaches which are used in "GUESS"  the graph visualization and exploration software. This paper is also intended to beginners who are interested in programming their own network visualizations, or for those curious about some of the basic mechanics of graph visualization. 

Abstract :

The paper presents data related to the results about the fuel consumption following the testing of a commercial diesel fuel and a fuel obtained by chemical recycling of polyethylene waste, which fueled a generator powered by a single cylinder diesel engine air cooled. The experimental results showed that using synthesized polyethylene-based fuel, the consumption of fuel from polyethylene was smaller compared to the consumption when using commercial diesel fuel.

Abstract :

Over the years, the automobile industry has been continuously bedevilled by the continuous recall of vehicles as a result of manufacturing defects. The recall of vehicles in the automobile industry is not limited to any particular manufacturer. Defective components or parts have always been attributed for the reason for the recalls, while some have attributed it to uncontrolled growth and expansion. For automobile companies to keep up with the growth in the automobile industry; it must be ready at all times to satisfy its numerous customers with quality, reliable and affordable products. Reliability of the product is essential to keep a good customer base. The competitive nature of the automobile industry requires that companies comply with international safety standards in the manufacture of cars while ensuring that components and parts supplied to production shop floor are capable (CP), and where defects have been identified, Failure Mode Effect Analysis and Critical Analysis (FMECA) be carried out on such components. The aim of this research paper is to investigate the causes of manufacturing defects in the automobile industry, a case study of the remote causes and effects of Toyota’s transmission malfunctions in cars. In other to achieve this, the number of recalls from various automobile companies was investigated, with a detailed case study analysis, with SWOT and PEST analysis on the case study company.

Abstract :

Ni-Al₂O₃ composites are prepared over a mild steel specimens using electrodeposition method. The coatings are prepared by conventional and sediment type depositions using watts type nickel with Al₂O₃. Three primary plating parameters are considered for electro-deposition, namely current density, temperature of the bath, particle concentration in bath with three levels for both conventional and sediment type depositions. L-9 orthogonal array of taguchi design is chosen for experimental design. The deposited coatings are examined with optical microscope, SEM micro graphs, XRD and EDX investigations to confirm the deposition. The influence of parameters on micro hardness of electro-deposition was investigated with signal to noise ratio analysis for both conventional and sediment type deposition. It is inferred that current density and temperature of the bath has a sound effect on micro hardness of coating by conventional type of deposition whereas temperature of the bath and particle concentration has a major effect on micro hardness of coating by sediment type of deposition. Grey scale analysis was employed to indentify the significance of process parameters and optimization of process parameters for the better micro hardness values.

Abstract :

We are living in a highly materialised, commercialised and consumerist way of life. The rising opportunity of earning and easy accessibility of modern markets has given meteoric pace to production and consumption. The modern day scientific and technological advancements have further intensified consumerism. But these developments have also provided greater space for financial deceptions and fraudulent transactions. In most simple terms, a seller sells a product to a buyer, the buyer finds the product not to be upto his satisfaction, some would say it is a mere co-incidence but is it so? In the absence of definitive statistics, the instinct of a consumer living in a capitalist society would lead one to wonder if the seller intentionally did or did not do something that led to a compromised consumer satisfaction. The need for the protection of the rights of the consumer also demands greater concern of the policy makers, quasi- judicial bodies and non- governmental organisations in this new age of commercialisation. This paper focuses on the statutory protection provided to the consumers in India, consumer services, penalties and issues of fairness and transparency.

Abstract :

We develop a model of worm attack against campus network in accordance with the campus signal flow as committed by an external attacker (or intruder) and examine the worm-flow behavior and its rate of infection. Modeling and simulation are two basic integral components employed to test-run the model using Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) and two forms of statistical events were considered. The object statistics is mainly comprised of our modeled Campus network signal flow plus the attacker and the Global statistics gives an account of the result of the simulation as it shows the number of infected host systems over the network under consideration. We further analyze the result from three perspectives, namely: ‘’As Is, Multiplier and Average.’’ We recommend that the infection rate of worm viruses be investigated from an attacker situated or positioned internal to the network (i.e. an authorized user distributing worm) under consideration.

Abstract :

This paper deals with simulation of PV based single-phase seven level inverter employing maximum power point tracking algorithm. Incremental conductance (INC)is employed in this work  because it has high tracking accuracy at steady state and good adaptability to the rapidly changing atmosphere. A novel dual carrier PWM is employed for the proposed inverter. A detailed study of PV based seven level inverter is carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK and the performance parameters such as crest factor, peak to average ratio, weighted THD, harmonic spread factor and Distortion factor of the proposed inverter are computed and the results are verified.

Abstract :

Career burnout is a painful experience for individuals and for organizations is a costly phenomenon. Plateau is a key factor for increasing this problem and mental maturity could reduce to some extent the relationship between the two variables. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between career plateau and burnout due to the moderating role of nurse’s psychological maturity in Arjomand and Razieh-Firoz hospitals in 2014. In this study, correlational and cross-sectional method is used. The population of this study consisted of nurses in Arjomand and Razieh-Firoz hospitals that the total number is 142 people. To determine the sample size of 100 people chosen based on Morgan table. The study used three questionnaires: plateau questionnaire validity 0.98 and reliability 0.94-questionnaire career burnout with validity 0.98 and reliability 0.93 and the questionnaire individual trust with reliability 0.94 and validity of 0.92 and mental maturity questionnaire validity 0.95 and reliability 0.88. For data analysis, the approach of partial least squares (PLS) with Smart PLS 2 software used. The results showed that there is relationship between plateau and its components with career burnout in Arjomand and Razieh-Firoz hospitals. In addition, there is not relationship between the moderating role of nurse’s psychological maturity of plateau (plateau job content) with career burnout, in Arjomand and Razieh-Firoz hospitals. However, there is an inverse relationship between the moderating role of psychological maturity at plateau hierarchical relationship with nurse’s career burnout in Arjomand and Razieh-Firoz hospitals. Given that the individual is suffering from fatigue, soon with his colleagues, and the devastating effects that the erosion of the effectiveness and performance of the individual, the individual diagnosis and prevent the spread of the organization are essential. One of the aggravating factors is plateau that should consider in the organization. If the nurses in the workplace has high psychological maturity they can enjoy some plateau hierarchical relationship and reduce burnout. Therefore, the promotion of psychological maturity and reduce the plateau at work considered.

Abstract :

Background terrestrial radiation survey of Cross River University of Technology (CRUTECH), Calabar was carried out. The study area was divided into twelve (12) locations and investigated. An in situ measurement approach was adopted using a SOEKS ecotester Geiger counter + food nitrate tester. Three (3) reading were taken in each of the location in survey and then an average computed. The outdoor annual exposure dose rate (OAEDR) of each location was also calculated. The measured average background radiation for all the location was (0.07±0.02)µSv/hr while the average OAEDR was found to be (0.13±0.02)mSv/yr. These values fall within the safe radiation limit of 0.13µSv/hr and 1.0 mSv/yr recommended by UNSCEAR (1998). However, results obtained do not indicate any immediate health side effects on the staff and students and the host communities. 

Abstract :

In recent years, the fast development of computer network technology, has become an integral part of human’s life, work and study. But with the popularity of the Internet, computer viruses, Trojans and other new terms have become some well-known network vocabularies. Studies have shown that most users of computer are more or less suffered from computer virus. So people must attach great importance to the network security problem. The paper studied Trojan virus. Paper first introduced the concept, characteristics and categories of the Trojan virus and its harm, and then focused on the way and means of the Trojan’s spread. It introduced the Trojan virus loading and hiding technology, too. Its last part focused on the prevention measures, it put forward reasonable suggestions to users, and paper also put forward prevention advice to improve network security.

Abstract :

Mechanical keys have traditionally been used to restrict unauthorized access to automobiles. In recent times, microcontrollers were embedded into cars for various applications such as passive keyless entry systems and vehicle immobilizer systems to prevent circumventing the mechanical lock to open the door and then start the engine via short-circuiting the ignition. The embedded electronic systems are very convenient to users but the security of the system can be easily breached for unauthorized access either through theft or lost and found of the car key fob, relay attacks by impostors or if the embedded code is revealed through the wireless interface scanning. In this paper, the development of an Automobile Keyless Entry System using Two-Factor Authentication is described where, the automobile would autonomously verify the users’ alongside the conventional mono-factor (i.e., device-based) automobile key fob authentication framework, thus achieving a two-factor authentication system. In addition, the new framework can prevent the three kinds of security breach scenarios. Furthermore, the car owner may allow new persons to drive the car using their voiceprints. The significance of this new framework is that it has provided high level of comfort and convenience and has eliminated the probability of theft. This paper will provide the understanding of the system to the designer of key-less systems. It will also provide designers with some ideas of how to make vehicle more secure. This paper will also benefit many people in terms of saving time and effort that would be required for them to collect the information presented in this paper by reading many published papers.

Abstract :

This A numerical study on water-in-glass evacuated tube solar collector using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is presented in this work. The water-in-glass evacuated tube is an integral part of evacuated tube solar water heater. The water-in-glass collector is the mostly used form of evacuated tube collector because it has higher thermal efficiency and simple construction requirements and hence low manufacturing cost. The usage of evacuated tube collectors is increasing day by day. Thus, several works have been published for representing the stratification of the fluid inside the tubes and the reservoir, as well as analytical modelling for the heat flow problem. Based on recent publications, this paper proposes the study of solar water heating with evacuated tubes, their operation characteristics and operating parameters. To develop this work, a computational tool will be used-in this case, the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The commercial software ANSYS-CFX® was used for the CFD simulation of the temperature distribution of water-in-glass evacuated tube solar water heater, which uses the Finite Volume Method (FVM).  The objective of this work is to complement the studies cited earlier, approaching the transient analysis of an evacuated tube collector with different inclinations  geometries and different tube dimensions geometries , to allow better heat removal from the tube and to evaluate the behaviour of the fluid within this solar collector and possible improvements to be applied in the model. In this work,  the model with three different inclinations (30°, 45°, 60°)and same tube dimension (47D1800L) is described and then the model with different dimension(47D1200L, 34D1400L) for same inclination is also simulated. According to the simulation results, length and diameter (47D1800L) and inclination angle 45° model is the best.

Abstract :

In this paper, the complex of Lascoux in the case of partition (6,6,3) has been studied by using diagrams, divided power of the place polarization  ,Capelli identities and the idea of mapping cone.

Abstract :

This paper aims to present the solution to the most significant problem in all of analysis, namely, the problem of assigning a precise quotient for the division by zero, . It is universally acknowledged that if  and  are two integers where , the fraction , when evaluated, gives rise to only one rational quotient. But, here in analysis, at least three quotients have been assigned to the fraction  by various departments of analysis. Moreover, so much hot debate has emerged from the discussion which has arisen from this subject. It is, therefore, the purpose of this paper to furnish the exact quotient for the special and most significant case of division by zero, the fraction . 

Abstract :

At the present there is a variety of ways to investigate the biomechanical properties of human structures. In addition to experimenting and imaging, computer modeling is an established method to calculate the kinematics and kinetics. While many different lumbar spine models have already been created, the sensitivity of the model to input parameters has still not been sufficiently studied. To come up with a realistic modeling, the effects and the interaction of various input parameters must be understood in advance. Particularly for the development of patient-specific models knowledge about the influence of the input parameter constitutes the basis of solid modeling. In the respective literature, especially the performance of the intervertebral disc is described as central to any spine model and thus requires a detailed investigation at first. A multibody simulation model of the lumbar spine that takes the biomechanical properties of the spinal structures such as the intervertebral discs, the ligaments, and the facet joints into account has been created. The model has been validated by comparing the results with results from appropriate literature. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of the modified disc stiffness onto the spinal structures. For this purpose, stiffness values ​​are used as input parameters that have been published in the literature. To investigate the relationship between the different interspinous structures when changing input parameters the most natural load case, the upright state, is simulated. The disc characteristic of the highest and lowest functional spinal unit shows that the load situation under different stiffness is almost identical. Slight changes are recorded in the central functional spinal units, which are also reflected in the intersegmental rotations. The biggest impact is recorded in the facet joints. The load structure of facets changes in all five functional spinal units. Some are nearly twice as heavily loaded. The study proves that the use of different input parameters does not necessarily lead to major change in the biomechanical behavior of the structures in which the input parameter has been changed, but may have a greater impact on other modeled structures.

Abstract :

Currently, the choice of materials for the construction of buildings should take into account not only their traditional features such as price and quality but also the environmental qualities. The thesis describes the process of multi-criteria evaluation of thermal insulation materials for wood-based envelope with other possible comparing of obtained valuation parameters. 

Abstract :

Residential buildings nowadays have a high energy consumption. This is due to the fact, that many of them are still not retrofitted. As the European Union in the new directive (known as the 20-20-20) adopted three major commitments to meet the criteria by 2020, it is necessary to pay attention to the retrofit. The aim of the work is to point out how contribute to reducing energy consumption and why pay more attention to the comprehensive retrofit over the partial retrofit.

Abstract :

This study evaluates the effect of ultrafine palm oil fuel ash (POFA) on the alkali silica reaction (ASR) of mortar. To study the effectiveness of ultrafine POFA in suppressing the ASR, four different sizes of POFA were used in this study: the unground (UG), medium (MP), fine (FP), and ultrafine size (UF). Characterization of POFA was done to investigate their particle size, fineness, specific gravity, chemical composition, loss on ignition (LOI), and morphology. Initially, the pessimum effect of the sandstone aggregate was determined by blending 5, 15, 50, 75, and 100% of sandstone aggregates with the granite. POFA was then introduced as cement replacement at 0 - 40% by weight of binder. To investigate the effect of ultrafine POFA on ASR, ASTM C1260 and ASTM C1567 were adopted. The strength activity index was also determined to study the pozzolanic effect of the ultrafine POFA. Results show that the ultrafine POFA significantly increase the pozzolanic reactivity of mortar. At 14-days of testing, ultrafine POFA shows higher resistance against the alkali silica reaction (ASR) attack compared to coarser POFA. Higher level of replacement is required for coarser POFA to resist ASR attack in the mortar bar. 

Abstract :

The modeling and simulation are the most important challenges to the researcher to present the system reality and study the different metrics of it. This article provides the short overview to assist the new researchers toward their goals. With aid of differ scenarios related to an engineering domain the designers have an ability to answer critical questions about modeling and simulation.

Abstract :

In hot and tropical countries external walls and roofs receive solar radiation absorbing part of it and transmitting a substantial part to the internal ambient provoking thermal discomfort. In cold climate heat is usually lost to the external ambient and again causing thermal discomfort. In both cases the thermal energy load is increased. For these reasons many studies were dedicated to investigate techniques for improving the thermal performance of walls and roofs. One of the most viable techniques is the use of PCM as thermal insulation filler that increases the thermal inertia of the component at relatively low cost and without substantial increase of weight. The formulation of the problem of the PCM composite wall is based on one dimensional pure conduction model for the PCM and the walls. The numerical solution involves moving grid for the PCM. The computational grid was optimized to eliminate grid size effects. The model was extended to treat the roof problem. The numerical predictions were compared with experimental results and reasonably good agreement was found.  Additional numerical and experimental results were presented and discussed.

Abstract :

Treatment of whey using the organic membrane processes namely ultrafiltration (UF) was investigated to recover the proteins for re-use. Membrane module was tested in batch mode operations and multi-stages operations employing the influence of the pH and temperature. The performance of ultrafiltration membrane can be characterized permeate flux and membrane retention, these parameters are determined by pH and temperature. The influence of these parameters on whey protein concentrate is also measured. The permeate flux and the protein content in the permeate and in the concentrate fractions were measured during the experimental runs. By comparing the separation behavior of the membrane for the two separation modes it was found that the investigated membrane produced the best results from the point of permeate flux, VRF and protein content in multi-stage modes in optimal condition (pH=6.5 and Temperature 50°C). The filtration characteristics were obviously influenced by the process parameters.

Abstract :

In this industrial extensive research work in the fields of corrosion protection and surface coatings, conventional micron sized rutile TiO₂ pigment based automobile grade polyester-amino (butylated melamine formaldehyde resin-BMF) stoving paint was formulated. In subsequent approach, nano TiO₂ and nano ZnO alongwith nano SiO₂ particles modified super white stoving industrial paints were formulated for the purpose of comparative study and to improve overall performances of surface coatings with respect to the best possible protection of automobile grade steel surfaces. With reference to the improvement of erosion and corrosion resistance, weathering and ultraviolet (UV-rays) resistance, water repellence and chemical resistance, dispersion stability and aging resistance, surface covering and adhesion property, film smoothness and gloss retention alongwith other mechanical properties; nano materials adapted paints have shown great potential in several industrial applications. The nano pigment particles were characterized by SEM and XRD. Performance evaluation of surface coatings was done as per ASTM/BIS test procedures. After rigorous test observations, excellent performance results have been found i.e. 100% adhesion, 100% gloss, appreciable results in aging test, 4000 hours passed in salt spray test and 3600 hours passed in quick ultraviolet weathering resistance test due to surprising synergistic effects of dispersed different  nano materials in crosslinked polyester-amino resins  media. It has experimentally been proven that the proper application and dispersion of suitable nano materials in paint formulations, improved overall performances of surface coatings for the purpose of better surface-protection.

Abstract :

Use of Composites are increasing day by day because they offers advantages such as low weight, corrosion resistance, high fatigue strength, faster assembly, etc. MMCs posses significantly improved properties including high specific strength, specific modulus, damping capacity and good wear resistance compared to the unreinforced alloys. It is durable and highly efficient for automobile or aircraft. It exhibits higher competence for machining complex shapes with greater accuracy. Homogenous Continuous reinforcements can result in dramatic improvements in MMCs properties, consist of lightweight metal alloys, but cost remains high. Cost reduction can be achieved by cheaper reinforcements, simpler fabrication methods. It is possible to tailor their properties as per the requirement of various industrial applications by suitable combinations of matrix, reinforcement and fabrication method. This paper presents an up-to-date review of progress and benefits of different routes for fabrication and machining of composites.  The purpose of this review to provide a reliable scientific basis for the researchers planning to synthesize particulate reinforcement, Wettability, porosity MMC in the stir casting. 

Abstract :

In this paper a feedback controller stabilization of non-bilinear descriptor system have been developed via logarithmic norm approach. The sufficient conditions on parametric uncertainty where the system is regular or impulse free have been given. Some theoretical results supported have been adopted with suitable illustrations example for designing a stabilizing controller for non-bilinear uncertain descriptor systems based on the theoretical result have also been developed.   

Abstract :

In this paper the authors described the software package for solution of wide range of  tasks of the chemical and petrochemical industry. The existing programs are analyzed and their advantages and shortcomings are specified. The shortcomings of these works has been taken into account at creation of the software package. Along with numerical methods for the solution of various tasks  (calculation of integral, numerical methods for solving equations etc.),  class for the solution of  direct  and the inverse problem of kinetics, calculation and a choice of the equipment from the Access database  has been defined . The generated package can be used by schoolchildren, students, engineers and scientists.

Abstract :

The present study has been designed to evaluate antimicrobial, anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of Parthenium hysterophorus L. plant leaves extract. Present work reports for the antimicrobial activities of P. hysterophorus leaf. Dried samples were sequentially extracted with many solvents. Methanol, acetone, chloroform, petroleum ether and water extracts of leaf showed considerable antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and also antifungal activity against Candida albicans. The in-vitro cytotoxic activity of methanolic extract was performed by MTT assay method against HeLa cell line. The methanolic, acetone, chloroform, petroleum ether, water extract (100 mg/ml concentration) of Parthenium hysterophorus plant leaves was taken for anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma. Effect of inhibition of cell growth showed significant cytotoxicity against leaf methanolic extracts showed considerable inhibition (80–90%) of HeLa cell lines. The results obtained from the study indicate good anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma. The present study concluded that the methanolic extract of Parthenium hysterophorus possess potent antimicrobial, anticancer and also anthelmintic activities. 

Abstract :

Nowadays inattention of organizations to rights and nonconformity of ethics fundamental encountering external stakeholders, can make some problems for organization and question organisation’s legitimation and proceeding and affect profit and success of organization. Poor work ethic can affect on people attitude towark work, organization and managers and can affect individual, organizational or group performance. Whwnever this problem affect oarganization performance can affect customers attitude toward organization too. Social responsibility impact on satisfaction of staffs is studying in this paper, because customers are the most important factor of a companie’s benefit. Therefore, a research model is prepared that nine hypothesis is prepared based on it. A questionare is prepared for proving hypothesis and they have distributed among 384 customers of Pasargad Bank. Inputs processed by SPSS and LIZREL sofwares. At the end just a hypothesis rejected and the rest prooved. It is specified that social responsibilities of bank, service quality and joint indentity of organization and customer are effective on customer’s satisfaction and loyalty.

Abstract :

In this paper on the base of representative volume element (RVE) the modified shear lag model was used to investigate the stress state, stress transfer and interface fracture energy of nanofiber/matrix composite. The RVE is subjected to static mechanical and physical load, e.g. temperature and moisture excitation. The solution of the problem is considered for the cases of perfect bond of the interface, perfect bond  and break of the fiber, perfect bond and partially interface debonding and break of the fiber as well. The obtained in closed analytical form results for axial stress and shear interfacial stress as well as the debond length are illustrated in figures. As a numerical example, the carbon nanofiber (CNF)/epoxy composite is considered. Three cases are studied: elastic with static mechanical loading, elastic with static mechanical loading and temperature and elastic with static mechanical loading with temperature and moisture. All three cases are compared in respective figures. The presence of the initial partial debond leads to smaller values of the respective fiber axial and interface shear stresses as well as to the magnitude of the plateau of the axial fiber stress. As a consequence, the progressive interfacial debonding is considered as well. The influence of the temperature excitation (20^o–30^oC) at given characteristics of the chosen CNF composite on the interface debond length is negligible, while the influence of moisture is significant especially for the case of progressive interface debonding. It is shown that the influence of the moisture on CNF is bigger at smaller volume fraction. At smaller aspect ratio (AR) the values of the stress transfer function (STF) are smaller when the influence of the moisture is taken into account and further it increases with the increasing of the mechanical load. The influence of the temperature and moisture on the debonding length is also estimated and some conclusions and recommendations are done.

Abstract :

New conducting polymer nanocomposites of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) were prepared by simple solid-state heating polymerization of 2,5-dibromo-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) with different concentrations (weight percentage) of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). The prepared PEDOT/GNP nanocomposites were characterized through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV–vis spectroscopy, and their surface morphology was analyzed through scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. The FTIR and UV–vis spectra revealed strong interaction between the PEDOT matrix and GNPs. The frequency-dependent AC electrical conductivity of the prepared nanocomposites was obtained at room temperature within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 2.3 × 10⁶ Hz. The conductivity of the composites significantly increased with increasing frequency compared with that of PEDOT and GNPs.

Abstract :

This paper proposes an algorithm of power aware based on voltage islands for constructing an X-clock tree with considering double via insertion. Different voltages are assigned for multiple voltage islands for power aware to reduce total power consumption under the clock delay control. Higher rate of double via insertion is made for via-effect avoidance and reliability. We first partition a clock network to be the number of voltage islands, such as L-type or T-type, and construct the X-clock tree for each voltage island with double via insertion. Then, we combine these X-clock trees based on a well-defined connection with inserted level shifters for minimizing the power. The delay effect due to the total number of inserted double vias is also accounted. Ten benchmarks are tested for our approach. Compared with single voltage island, experimental results show that our X-clock tree based on multi-voltage islands can save up to 21.58%, 4.75%, and 33.8% in power, delay, and running time, respectively.

Abstract :

The major purpose of this exercise is to assess the volatility dynamics of the stock returns of the banks of India and to determine the factor which influence and explains the stock returns. For this exercise, the methodology GARCH (1, 1) model is used for determining the risk factor under multi index model. The empirical exercise suggests that in case of banking companies stock returns are highly persistent and lagged returns have a significant impact on the current year’s stock returns.

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This paper deals with the solutions of fuzzy fractional differential equations (FFDEs) under Caputo H-differentiability by variational iteration method. The variational iteration method has been applied in solving fuzzy fractional Riccati differential equations with fuzzy initial conditions. This method is illustrated by solving two examples.

Abstract :

Recent advances in wireless sensor networks have generated many new protocols for clustering specifically designed for sensor networks where energy consumption is an essential consideration. Variety of sensing capabilities results in profusion of application areas. However, Sensed data need to be delivered to the base station using multihop and must cope with the network unreliability problem and the energy consumption. In WSN, few routing and clustering protocols take into consideration of these problems. It is a major challenge of the clustering protocols to ensure network survivability through redundancy features. In this paper, we present a short literature review of the existing routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Network and we evaluate the performance of AEEPC, APC-T and APC using the routing protocols AODV.

Abstract :

Diabetes is a life-threatening issue in modern health care domain. With the use of data mining techniques, diabetes factors and co morbid risk conditions associated with diabetes has found. In order to stifle the evolution of diabetes mellitus, applies distributed association rule mining and summarization techniques to electronic medical records. This helps to discover set of risk factors and co morbid conditions in distributed medical dataset using frequent itemset mining. In general, association rule mining (ARM) generates bulky volume of data sets which need to summarize certain rules over medical record. This encompasses a novel approach to find the common factors which lead to high risks of diabetes and co morbid conditions associated with diabetes. This performs both association rule mining and association rule summarization techniques with improved classification algorithms. Exiting systems aim to apply association rule mining to electronic medical records to discover sets of risk factors and their corresponding subpopulations that represent patients at particularly high risk of developing diabetes. Given the high dimensionality of EMRs (Electronic Medical Records), association rule mining generates a very large set of rules which we need to summarize for easy clinical use. The existing system reviewed four association rule set summarization techniques and conducted a comparative evaluation to provide guidance regarding the diabetes risk prediction.

Abstract :

In recent years, support vector machines (SVMs) have shown good performance in a number of application areas. The existing system is concentrated on the discovery of risk of having pre-diabetes or undiagnosed diabetes and to facilitate people decide whether they should see a physician for further evaluation.  It is also focused on both the noninvasive and metabolic factors, which should require blood sampling and laboratory measurements, such as high density lipoprotein (HDL), and cholesterol (CHOL). However the existing system ahs issue with prediction results by using c4.5, naïve bayes tree and neural network algorithms. To avoid the above mentioned issue we go for proposed system. In proposed scenario, we introduced an efficient algorithm named as Support Vector Machine (SVM) which is utilized to screen diabetes, and an ensemble learning module is added. It turns the “black box” of SVM decisions into comprehensible and transparent rules, and it is also useful for solving difference problem. The proposed system is used to develop an ensemble system for diabetes diagnosis. Specifically, the rules are extracted from the SVM algorithm and it is applied to provide comprehensibility and transparent representation. These rule sets can be regarded as a second opinion for diagnosis and a tool to screen the individuals with undiagnosed diabetes by lay users. From the experimental result, we can conclude that the proposed system is better than the existing scenario in terms of reduction of the incidence of diabetes and its complications. 

Abstract :

Cloud computing is one of the most significant shifts in modern ICT and service for enterprise applications and has become a powerful architecture to perform large-scale and complex computing. Big data provides users the ability to use commodity computing to process distributed queries across multiple datasets and return resultant sets in a timely manner. Big data utilizes distributed storage technology based on cloud computing rather than local storage attached to a computer or electronic device. Big data evaluation is driven by fast-growing cloud-based applications developed using various categories of big data. Cloud computing, big data and its applications, advantages are likely to represent the most promising new frontiers in science. Clouds are also being used to deal with the Big data to effectively store and exploit the unstructured data of the organizations. This paper presents an overview of the cloud computing scenario today, different examples of the cloud services, different enterprises in the field of cloud computing are being mentioned in the paper . How cloud is related with big data and what are the possible solutions of big data in today’s scenario is also discussed in the paper.

Abstract :

Affordable housing is very hot topic in India, even more in news after the launch of housing for all by 2022 by the government of India. Due to rapid urbanization there is huge gap created in demand and supply of affordable housing. After 68th years of independence also there is 95% shortage for lower income group houses. There are also many achievements and initiatives by the government , but the rate of constructing affordable jousting is low due to government laws and policies of housing infrastructure. The paper describes challenges, issues for the development of affordable housing an also it explains various strategies to be implement. There is also need of innovative faster construction technology so the cost of construction will reduce and economically weaker section, lower income group will get their own house at affordable cost.

Abstract :

This paper proposes a parallel-LC-resonance type fault current limiter (FCL) that uses a resistor in series with a capacitor. The proposed Fault current limiter is capable of limiting the fault current magnitude near to the pre-fault magnitude of distribution feeder current by placing the mentioned resistor in the structure of the FCL. In this way, the voltage of the point of common coupling does not experience considerable sag during the fault. In addition, the proposed FCL did not use a superconducting inductor which has high construction cost. Analytical analysis for this structure is presented in detail, and simulation results using power system computer-aided design/electromagnetic transients, including dc software are obtained to validate the effectiveness of this structure. Also, an experimental setup is provided to show the accuracy of the analytic analyses and simulation results.

Abstract :

In this article we study an important concept in the theory of fibration and cofibration, namely approximate cofibration (A-cofibration), which is the dual of the concept of approximate fibration  [5, 10, 13], we give some examples. Following the  known problems concerning the concept of cofibration as; the composition, the product, the pullback, the relation with retracts and so on, [1, 4, 6, 7 and 13], we give some similar results concerning A-cofibration.

Abstract :

T Photocatalytic degradation of ortho- and para nitrophenols was investigated over BiVO₄ under visible light irradiation. BiVO₄ degraded ortho nitrophenol completely in 210 min. Rate of degradation enhanced in presence of H₂O₂ and complete degradation was achievd in 120min. Unlike ortho nitrophenol, para nitrophenol showed less photolysis and complete degradation of para nitrophenol was achieved for 120min of irradiation in presence of BiVO₄ and H₂O₂.   

Abstract :

This paper reviews the major contributions to the systematic conservation planning in landscape with Marxan software throughout a 11-year period from 2005 up to 2015. After surveying many papers in this field, the volume of the existing works is identified and classified. The paper summarizes all of the reviewed papers in two tables. These tables determine the region of study, year of study, selected information for planning, and main contributions in papers. The socio-economic information along with the biophysical information is considered in the majority of papers for planning, which shows the vital function of this information for decision. It is also demonstrated that more attention is paid to systematic conversation planning using toolboxes based on optimization algorithm such as Marxan in recent years. It concludes with comparative graph demonstrating the frequency of applying Marxan software in systematic conservation planning in landscape. So, it can be used as a guideline for researchers in this field.

Abstract :

The paper presents the results of microwave synthesis of an active energy absorbing microwave radia-tion Zn-B-P-oxide catalyst supported on the surface of the fiber reinforced aluminum Al/γ-Al₂O₃-carrier to further intensification of the process of acylation diethylamine m-toluic acid diethylamide, m-toluic acid (DETA ) under the effect of the microwave field. Established the identity of the phase composition of the active mass of the samples formed un-der the action of microwave radiation (2450MHz) with the phase of the catalyst composition prepared by conventional heat treatment, which considering their more developed active surface also gives rea-son to expect a manifestation of higher catalytic efficiency.

Abstract :

After new economic policy 1991 Indian economy is to the process of transition. WTO and its structural formation has been helping member countries for hassle free international trade by providing platform. There are various functions being performed by WTO. In this paper evolution, functions and its impact on agriculture is discussed. The data on agricultural imports as a proportion of earnings from agricultural exports has progressively declined, and all the balance has become progressively more favorable.

Abstract :

Climate change and global warming is a major concern. Future generation will suffer if the low carbon development strategy is not adopted by nations today. The Conference of Parties (COP21) recognizes the menace of global warming, emissions and also emphasizes the differentiation between the responsibilities of developed and developing nations. This legally binding agreement also gives a boost to carbon market in the interest of climate justice to transfer mitigation outcomes. This paper analyses the linkage of development of the states and the carbon market. The result show significant correlation between carbon market development and development of a state. It also tries to provide insights whether there is a possible pathway to achieve climate justice at the sub-national level (between developed and developing states in India) or in the sectoral scopes. The paper uses macro data and some case studies to emphasize the idea of climate justice at the sub-national level.

Abstract :

This study was conducted the ecological biodiversity of animals and analysis of environmental factors at the Hakri River in Korea during 2015 season. The fauna of four surveyed stations was a total of 69 taxa, representing five classes. Birds (Aves) exhibited the greatest species diversity with 20 taxa identified, followed by invertebrates (15 taxa); mammals with 12 taxa, reptiles/amphibians (Sauropsida/Amphibia) with 11 taxa, and fish represented by 11 taxa. Shannon-Weaver indices (H´) for mammals and birds at upper region were higher than those of low region. Richness indices for animal taxa were also varied among the stations and seasons. Although evenness indices for five animal kingdoms during seasons were different from each other, there were not shown significant differences (p < 0.05). Berger-Parker’s index (BPI) for mammals was varied from 0.121 (invertebrates at Station A) to 0.304 (reptile /amphibian at Station A). The Bray-Curtis’ distances were calculated from differences in abundance of each species according to geographic distances among four stations at the Hakri River. The relationship between a distance matrix and a quantitative environmental variable was shown very strong. The dendrogram showed two distinct groups; Station A and Station B clade and the other stations (Station C and Station D).

Abstract :

Mining patterns from datasets having fuzzy time attributes is an important data mining problem. Some of these mining task are finding locally frequent sets, local association rules etc Most of the earlier works were mainly devoted on mining non-fuzzy temporal datasets .In this article, we propose a method extracting locally frequent itemsets from fuzzy temporal datasets. The efficacy of the method is established with the help of an experiment conducted on a synthetic dataset.

Abstract :

Medium oil water-reducible alkyd resin was synthesized by polyesterification reaction of commercially refined cottonseed oil with glycerol and maleic anhydride patially substituted with trimellitic anhydride in lithium hydroxide catalytic process and copolymerized with polyethylene glycol. A predictive mathematical model was obtained to predict the acid value and viscosity as functions of polybasic acid/oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time, and rate of mixing. The optimal conditions for the production of alkyd resin was found to be MA/oil ratio 0.38:1, temperature 240.61⁰C; catalyst concentration 0.38% reaction time 150mins and mixing rate 600rpm.At these  conditions  87% conversion was achieved producing water- reducible  alkyd resin with acid value of 15mgKOH/g. Pyscochemical and performance evaluation of the resin showed that it can satisfactorily substitute for convetional alkyd resins in situations where minimal volatile organic compound emission is desired.

Abstract :

In this paper, the effects of a superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) installed in loop power distribution systems on voltage sags are assessed and analyzed. The power distribution system will be operated to a type of loop. In this case, voltage drops (sags) are severe because of the increased fault current when a fault occurs. If SFCL is installed in the loop power distribution system, the fault current decreases based on the location and resistance value of the SFCL, and voltage sags are improved. In this paper, the improvement of the voltage sag is analyzed according to the fault location, resistance value of SFCL, and the length of the loop power distribution system. First, a resistor-type SFCL model is used using the PSCAD/EMTDC. Next, the loop power distribution system is modeled. Finally, when the SFCL is installed in the radial or loop power distribution system with various lengths, voltage sags are evaluated according to various fault locations. The results of voltage sag analysis in the loop system are compared with the voltage sags in radial power distribution system.

Abstract :

In this paper, research area is emphasized on motion of a ship due to anti- symmetric coupled motion of roll-yaw and sway-roll-yaw. This paper also expressed wave forces, hydrodynamic coefficients and 2-DOF and 3-DOF model of a surface vessel and its motions. The required hydrodynamic coefficients and wave forces are obtained from integration of sectional added-mass, damping and restoring coefficients, derived from Frank’s close-fit conformal mapping method. The governing equations for motion equations are solved numerically by using Runge-Kutta method. The vessel used in this analysis is monohull vessel type which is 28 m long. In the calculation of floating body motions, two-dimensional added mass, damping, and excitation for each ship sections are solved out. The governing equations comprised of second order ordinary differential equation that come from equation of hydrodynamic forces and external exciting forces. This paper describes the complete model of Tug and its numerical calculation solves with Matlab.

Abstract :

Polyvinyl alcohol was utilized as a single sole binder in the formulation of water based UV curable flexographic printing inks. Six different formulation composition containing 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 8% and 10% polyvinyl alcohol were prepared using 1-(4-nitrophenyl)azo-2-naphthol as pigment and potassium dichromate as a cross linking agent. The formulations prepared were characterized for viscosity and FT-IR before being printed on different substrates. The integrity and pigment particle distribution of the ink film formed were assessed by optical microscopy, the print quality and fastness properties were found to meet most requirements in colour printing chemistry and technology applications.

Abstract :

The city of Sousse and its suburbs is confronted with a strong human and socio-economic attraction, but paradoxically, this area is very underprivileged on the hydric level. The transport of water from the surplus areas’ water towards the overdrawn areas of Tunisia will not be able henceforth to constitute a durable solution because of a saturated network of adduction and distribution. A new vision of urban water management seeks to guide users towards a more rational behavior and to encourage the production of unconventional water.  We present in this article a test of quantification of the water produced and scenarios of demand evolution from a prospective analysis. 

Abstract :

In this investigation hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H) solar cell has been investigated and characterized by using the Analysis of Microelectronics and Photonic Structures (AMPS-1D) simulator. Although some works have been done to simulate this type of solar cell but by affecting the bandgap and thickness to improve the efficiency is the first time investigation which is reflected in this paper. The p-type hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (p-a-SiC:H) with the thickness of 15 nm, the hydrogenated interface amorphous silicon (i-a-Si:H) with the thickness of 300 nm and the n-type hydrogenated amorphous silicon (i-a-Si:H) with the thickness of 15 nm are used to obtain the efficiency of 19.649% which is comparatively higher than the conventional Si solar cell’s efficiency (11%-14%). Most of the data of this simulation has been transferred to the graph.exe (a graph plotting software) to plot the characteristics curves. This paper provides a new approach of improving the efficiency of hydrogenated amorphous Silicon solar cell. 

Abstract :

Polymeric materials from natural resources have engrossed a set of developmental interests in recent years. The development of low priced automotive paints by the use of caster seed oil which has been introduced as a substitute of polymeric plasticizer materials focusing at this time to the polymer and paint industries due to the massive world wide availability, embedded biodegradability, low cost, and outstanding environmental characteristics (i.e., low toxicity toward human beings). The advantages of these outstanding natural characteristics are now being taken in the fields of research and development. Oil derived polymeric materials and composites are being utilized in many applications including paints, surface coatings, adhesives and nanocomposites. The endeavor of this research paper is likely to provide a basic enlightenment on the castor seed oil applications in polymeric activities with reference to their recent developments. Particular emphasis has been placed on the study and applications of drying oils in almost all low priced decorative and protective surface coatings. For the purpose of extraction of the oil, simple distillation method was used. Paint formulations i.e., the theoretical formulation, milling with calculated constituents to get mill-base, grinding and dispersion of pigment particles, stabilization, let-down and make-up processes were carried out within the laboratory conditions. Different paints were formulated by incorporating the base pigment rutile TiO₂, alkyd resin alongwith other constituents as determined. The compatibility, viscosity, opacity, gloss, adhesion, flexibility and other quality control tests of castor seed oil plasticized automotive paints were carried out as per ASTM/BIS test methods and compared with the testing’s standard of the Berger Paints Limited. The results were found as specific gravity: 0.95± 0.02), refractive index @ 28⁰C: (1.79± 0.01), viscosity @ 28 ^oC: (0.425 ± 0.12), pH: (5.800 ± 0.00), flash point: (256.000± 1.20^oC), adhesion: 100%, gloss: 95-99%, 650 hours passed in salt spray test and 600 hours passed in weathering resistance test; all parameters were within the range of automotive paint applications and quality specifications. Castor-seed-oil has been appraised as an effective plasticizer and film-former in automotive paint formulations. The humidity content of the caster seeds was low, therefore, has been introduced as a material of good quality for the further use in other glossy automotive paint formulations.

Abstract :

Abstract—  Pervious concrete or enhanced porosity concrete has a strictly gap graded coarse aggregate phase and little or no fine aggregates so as to facilitate the formation of an interconnected network of pores in the material. The material is designed with cementitious material content just enough to coat the coarse aggregate particles so that a configuration that allows the passage of water at a much higher rate than conventional concrete. The pervious concrete has many advantages that improves city environment, recharges the ground by rain water and could be used as pavement for light vehicles, pedestrian pathways, parking lots, also it reduces the tire pavement interaction noise etc. the effectiveness of a pervious concrete pavement depends as the intrinsic permeability of the mass, and normally this is defined by the porosity. It has been observed that porosity alone is an inadequate indicator of the permeability of pervious concretes, since the permeability depends on pore sizes, geometry and connectivity also. This paper presents a new method for determining the permeability of pervious concrete and provides design methodology to prepare pervious concrete based on experimental characteristics test values of pervious concretes.

Abstract :

Abstract - In this research paper we are describing the several generic protocols use in Cloud computing environment. Now-a-days Cloud Computing has become very important in large and small enterprise so security has also become very important for Cloud Computing. Several technique use to protect the cloud. Techniques are implemented by protocols. This paper is based on overview of protocols that use in Cloud computing environment. The protocols of cloud computing can also use in different security system such as Cryptonet System, Mailing System and Authentication System.

Abstract :

This paper presents the results of an experimental work that was carried out to determine the effect of sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) on the durability of concrete to Sulphate attack when Sugarcane Bagasse ash is utilized as cement replacement material. Sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) is a fibrous waste product obtained from sugar mills as byproduct, which is obtained by burning of Sugarcane Bagasse at 700 to 800 degree Centigrade in sugar refining industry. The Bagasse Ash, then ground until the particles passing the 90 micron. Sugarcane Bagasse ash mainly contains aluminium ion, silica, iron & calcium oxides. The objective of this work is to study the influence of partial replacement of cement with sugarcane bagasse ash in concrete subjected to different curing environments. A study on salt resistance of concrete using Na₂So₄ Solution is observed. The variable factors considered in this study were concrete of grade M35 for a curing period of 28 days, 60 days and 90 days of the concrete specimens in 1%, 3%, 5% Na₂So₄  solution. Bagasse ash has been partially replaced in the ratio of 0%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, and 10% by weight. The effect of Sodium Sulphate is determines by the loss of strength with respect to the conventional concrete which has been determined.

Abstract :

Normally conventional fluids are used in heat pipes to remove the heat based on a temperature range for its particular operating conditions [1] (see Fig.2). The addition of the nano particles to the base fluid is one of the significant issues to enhance the heat transfer of heat pipes. The purpose of this review is to summarize the research done on heat pipes using nanofluids as working fluids in recent years (2012 to 2013). This review article provides additional information for the design of heat pipes with optimum conditions regarding the heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids in heat pipes. Moreover, this paper identifies several important issues that should be considered further in future works.